Astrochem.org the astrochemistry lab at NASA Ames Research Center (image by Andy Christie for Scientific American July 99)

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

ASTROCHEMISTRY & ASTROBIOLOGY AGA 0316 Aula 12. Outline 1. Astrochemistry & Meteoritic Organics 2. Extraterrestrial Delivery 3. Early Earth.

Advertisements

Carbohydrate Basics.

{ Macromolecules The 4 largest molecules of life.

constitutional isomers:

March 21, 2006 Astronomy Chapter 29: Life in the Universe Does life exist beyond Earth? In our own solar system? Does intelligent life exist? How.

UV Irradiation of Interstellar Medium : Production of Organic Materials Evidence of Life in Meteorites: Origin of Life on Earth? 8 th Dec 2006 Yuki Shiraji.

Silicon Based Life Forms. Life on Earth Chemistry of life on Earth -organic -Carbon based -water used as solvent -from water come hydrogen bonds, which.

1 Science (1999) Vol. 283 p Introduction A Brief Introduction - Max How we know polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are ubiquitous and abundant.

Digestion summary. What goes where? How does chemical digestion happen ?

1 Stereoisomers Review: –Structural Isomers: Compounds that have the same molecular formula, but differ in the structural arrangement of atoms. Examples:

Astrobiology The cosmic chemistry of life (the molecular basis)

The Search for Extraterrestrial Life Chapter Thirty.

Chapter 8 Looking for Life Beyond Earth.

Laboratory Chemistry of the Outer Solar System Marla Moore NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center January 28, 2008 Cosmic Ice Lab Polar Gateways Arctic Circle.

Matter and Molecules Review Chapter 3 Review. Vocabulary  In living things, carbohydrates are broken down into ______________ for fuel.  Simple Sugars.

Warm up 10/2:Warm up 10/2: 1.Pass labs toward the center. 2.When is the next Exam? a.When is the study guide due? b.When is intervention? 3.When is your.

Astrobiology Education By: Sa’Quan Eangleheart. Properties Of Water Water can dissolve most substances and can hold nutrients for organisms. It takes.

Helgi Rafn Hróðmarsson Friday seminar Utilization of spectroscopy in the determination of the origins of life.

A Search for Hydroxlyamine (NH 2 OH) Towards IRC+10216, Orion-S, Orion(KL), SgrB2(N), SgrB2(OH), W512M, W3(IRS5) R. L. Pulliam NRAO / North American ALMA.

Studies Aimed at Determining the Importance of Molecular Complexes in Atmospheric Chemistry Timothy J. Lee a and Christopher E. Dateo b a NASA Ames Research.

Organic Compounds (Biological Molecules) © Lisa Michalek.

BIOCHEMISTRY.  Only need to write word in BLACK!

Amino Acids From Interstellar Space Craig Lieneck.

Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation Dr. Sooad Al-Daihan Biochemistry department.

Please put your test corrections in the appropriate file on the table by the door. (Please staple your corrections to your test packet.) Also, please get.

Daniel Glavin and Jason Dworkin NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt MD GCA Team Meeting March 23, 2006 Investigating amino acid enantiomeric excesses.

Principles of Organic and Biochemistry Ellen J. Wilson, RPh, PhD College of Southern Maryland.

Oliver Botta NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD & Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore County.

Organic vs. Inorganic Molecules

Annie Le University of California, Merced. The galaxy is much more complex. CM2 Meteorites carry millions of types of organic compounds. Identification.

Topic #2: Molecular Biology Molecules to Metabolism 2.1.

3 How do professional athletes fuel their bodies? USdpg USdpg Average Person:

The Building Blocks of. In your table groups make as many observations as you can about the diagram on the left.

Molecules to Metabolism II. Review In the previous Powerpoint we looked at ◦The elements in living organisms ◦The importance of carbon ◦The major molecules.

JEOPARDY CarbsLipid/Nuc. acids proteinsenzymesUnit.

The search for life 2.0 in our Solar System Chris McKay NASA Ames Research Center

Understand how our view of the solar system has changed over time and how discoveries made have led to our changing our view of the solar system. Learn.

Stereochemistry. Required background: Shapes of molecular structures Isomers, conformers Essential for: 1. Understanding of S N 1, S N 2, E1, E2, and.

Organic Chemistry The study of carbon-containing compounds and their properties. Biochemistry: – Made by living things – All contain the elements carbon.

Mumma_ The Goddard Center for Astrobiology NASA Astrobiology Institute “The Origin and Evolution of Organics in Planetary Systems” Michael J. Mumma.

How are molecules joined together or broken apart?

Enzymes Worksheet catalyst amino acids different function

Organic Molecules Gr C: Explain what an organic molecule is.

Living By Chemistry SECOND EDITION

Isomerism SCH4U Spring 2012.

Experimentally Observing Optical Activity

Four classes of organic compounds: Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids

Glycolysis You only need to remember the details of the “net”

Identify the type of cell transport

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

Wet, Carbonaceous Asteroids: Altering Minerals, Changing Amino Acids

Chapter 14 Aldehydes, Ketones, and Chiral Molecules

Day 5 AIM: What are Organic and Inorganic molecules?

Naming Hydrocarbons: Rules

Introduction to Biochemistry. Objectives  Know what biochemistry is and its principle.  Know the components of a cell and its major types of bio- molecules.

TYPES OF ISOMERISM STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM

Chapter 12 Organic Compounds with Oxygen and Sulfur

Amino Acids An amino acid is any compound that contains an amino group (—NH2) and a carboxyl group (—COOH) in the same molecule.

Biochemistry Lysozyme – a protein.

Some Scholarly Musings

Distribution of the phosphoproteins based on GO analysis, including biological process (Left) and cellular component (Right). Distribution of the phosphoproteins.

Differential expression of apoA-I and Vimentin on 2D gels

Classification of the 1458 identified proteins into molecular functions. Classification of the 1458 identified proteins into molecular functions. The pie.

Basics in Astrobiology: Introduction Muriel Gargaud Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, France Theresa Lüftinger and Manuel Güdel, University.

U01L04: ENZYMES.

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

DNA components.

Presentation transcript:

astrochem.org the astrochemistry lab at NASA Ames Research Center (image by Andy Christie for Scientific American July 99)

The search for life in the Solar System: We may get lucky… Image of Europa from ase.jpl.nasa.gov/

Amino acids Sugars Nucleobases Nitrogen containing heterocycles Substituted aromatics …but the search for life in the Solar System is far more likely to be the search for organic biomarkers Fatty acids

Molecules that look like biomarkers (but may not be convincing indicators of life) 1.Various aromatics (invoked in martian meteorite) 2.Amino acids (components of proteins) 3.Fatty acids (components of membranes) 4.Sweeping generalizations

We make a little bit of space in our laboratory, and see what happens.

Interstellar ice photochemistry (image by Andy Christie for Scientific American July 99)

High ee Only one (or a very narrow distribution of) chain lengths or functional groups when many are expected. No more free molecular species, commonly used in geochemistry i.e., terpenes or PAHs Unless…you see something way out of equilibrium or non sensical i.e., Drawing a line in the (Martian) sand

Definitely: No enzymatic tests that rely on their biochemistry being the same as ours. Don’t assume their chromophores will be the same as ours i.e., Chlorophyll

Keeping an open mind On the other hand, we don’t want to miss life because its basic components are different from ours. Would we get a detection if they used different bases, different sugars, and had the opposite chirality of amino acids?

Knowledgeable & open-minded without being credulous In summary we must be

SETI Knowledgeable & open-minded without being credulous Jason Dworkin (GSFC), Scott Sandford, & Louis Allamandola (Ames) In summary we must be much like the Astrobiology & Exobiology panels to whom I am grateful for financial support

XA Liu et al., Science (2003) 302, 868.

XT

Eschenmoser (1999) Science, 284, 2118 Alternative sugars, i.e., allopyranose

HO 3 P-

FMN, coenzyme in certain oxidation- reduction reactions in the body

chirality (almost) All the chiral amino acids in living things are left handed, and there is also a bias for left handed amino acids in meteorites. The reason(s) for this is not yet clear. (non-super imposable mirror images) Cronin, J. R., & Pizzarello, S. (1997) Science 275,