2. Presented By: Connie Chrisman, Lindy Hilding, Venus Johnston, & Tammie McDaniel SKIN TO SKIN

3. Research Question’s What is skin to skin? What are the benefits for the mother/baby dyad? How does skin to skin benefit breastfed babies?

4. What is skin to skin within one hour of birth Dried Diapered & capped prone between mothers breasts Warm Blanket First feeding

5. The Magic Hour

6. Benefits of Skin to Skin a healthy transition Promotes breastfeeding Bonding & comfort

7. Benefits of Skin To Skin

8. Risks during Cesarean Deliveries Practical & medical safety Belief that infants may suffer mild hypothermia Risk’s for hypothermia Operating room temperatures Mothers themselves Anesthesia Distribution of body heat

9. Skin to skin contact after cesarean delivery Background purpose Method Hypothesis Interventions variables

10. RESULTS BOTH GROUPS COMPARABLE No post surgical complications No Morphine TEMPERATURES 30 MINUTES 120 MINUTES FATHERS MOTHERS ATTACHMENT & breastfeeding Average time Suckling & First Feeding Discharge & 3 Months

11. conclusion Satisfaction Feasibility EASILY ADOPTED DURATION OF Skin to skin Result participants

12. Kangaroo care at birth for full term infants Purpose Methods Results Extra Benefit findings

13. Conclusion Results Pilot study Ease of use Satisfaction

14. Adverse Physiological Effects of Crying in Neonates Elevated heart rates Elevated blood pressure Shunting of unoxygenated blood Arteriovenous spasms in brain Cerebral blood flow changes Cortical activation in both hemispheres of brain

15. Kangaroo care Reduces Crying Response to Pain in Preterm Neonates Background purpose Method Hypothesis Interventions variables

16. Results Both Groups Studied Heel sticks conducted by consistent neonatal phlebotomist Standard procedure from National Association of Neonatal Nursing Infant remained in same position Minimal inaudible crying time noted in each phase Crying Times Infants in Kangaroo Care had less crying time during heel sticks and recovery phase than infants in incubators.

17. Conclusion Feasibility EASILY ADOPTED DURATION OF Skin to skin Result participants

18. Effect of early skin to skin mother infant contact during the first three hours following birth on exclusive breastfeeding during the maternity hospital Background Purpose Method Contractual Participation Three Implementations a.Breastfeeding management class b.Practice 24 hour rooming-in c.Early skin to skin

19. Early Skin to Skin Continued… Hypothesis Independent Variable Variables Outcome Variables Feasibility

20. Conclusion and… Conclusion Positive or negative Study critique Majority Hispanic Focused sided training

21. Current practices in area hospitals Spectrum health united hospital Sheridan community hospital St. Mary's hospital Carson city hospital

22. analysis Comparing the articles Pilot studies Experimental study Cohort study Bringing it together

23. recommendation Non-invasive Physician order not required Beneficial for baby & parents Positive outcomes Satisfied patients Continued practice

24. Time for questions

25. References Bramson, L., Lee, J.W., Moore, E., Montgomery, S., Neish, C., Bahjri, K., & Melcher, C. L. (2009). Effect of early skin-to- skin mother-infant contact during the first three hours following birth on exclusive breastfeeding during the maternity hospital stay. Journal of Human Lactation. doi: 10.1177/0890334409355779 CNN. (2012, September 14). Hospitals Use Skin to Skin Contact to Help Mom and Baby [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DfYdsCLXVWs&featur e=youtu.be Gouchon, S., Dario, G., Picotto, A., Patrucco, G., Nangeroni, M., & Di Giulio, P. (2010). Skin-to-skin contact after cesarean delivery. Nursing Research, 59(2), 78-84.

26. References Continued Healthy Children CFB. (2010, December 14). Magical Hour Preview [Video File]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfNUkcxJyhI Kostandy, R. R., Ludington-Hoe, S. M., Cong, X., Abouelfettoh, A., Bronson, C., Stankus, A., & Jarrell, J. R. (2008). Kangaroo care (skin contact) reduces crying response to pain in preterm neonates: pilot results. Pain Management Nursing, 9(2), 55-65. Walters, M. W., Boggs, K. M., Ludington-Hoe, S., Price, K. M., & Morrison, B. (2007). Kangaroo care at birth for full term infants. The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing, 32(6), 375-381.