1.  Main Idea – Topic + Action = Main idea  Sequencing – Mostly chronological. If not, ask why? Usually for effect.  Cause and Effect – Domino/Butterfly  Fact/Opinion – Not true false Fiction/Poetry POV – 1 st – 2 nd – 3 rd Character – What they say/what they do Plot – 5 plot points Setting – Sets tone Tone and Mood - Connoation

2. Rate yourself

3. Examine each of the pictures below and determine how the person in each picture is probably feeling. What feelings are they expressing? What clues do you use?

4.  Inference – an educated guess based on information or evidence in a story.  Explicit – Fully and clearly expressed; leaving nothing out  Implicit – Understood but not directly expressed. What to look at in a piece of writing: Dialogue – Words spoken by characters; dialogue is considered verbal communicaton Setting – Where and when a story happens Action – Something done by a character; actions are considered nonverbal communication

5.  The inference that you will make most often when reading a story are emotion inferences, location inferences, and action inferences.  An emotion inference is a conclusion that you draw about character’s emotions. Often, the dialogue provides clues.  A location inference is a conclusion that you draw about the setting. Details surrounding, the scenery, the weather, conditions and time.  An action inference is a conclusion that you draw about a character based on the actions. What do they do?

6.  1. Droplets of water dripped slowly onto the boy’s heads. A coyote howled in the distance, its cries echoing across the canyon. The boys huddle together in the leaky tent, terrified of the dark wilderness surrounding them.  What inference can you make about the setting?  2. The young man picked up the phone. He looked at the phone number written in pink ink on a slip of paper. He dialed the first five numbers and then hung up. He bit his nails. He picked up the phone again.  What inference can you make about the young man?  3. A boy cleaned the whole house. He made dinner for his parents. Finally, after dinner, he slowly pulled his report card out of his backpack, winced, and quickly looked away.  What inference can you make about the boy?

7. He knelt by the wall and brushed the gray dust from the old stones. He stared at the ancient words for what seemed like an eternity, and then nodded. “So that’s what the old man meant,” he said quietly to himself. In the light of the torch, his smile gleamed like the gold that would soon be his. The game was almost over. He jotted a few notes in his journal and then raced down the path back to the village so that he could gather some tools. 1) What location inference can you make? What clues in the text support your inference?___________________________________ 2) What emotion inference can you make? What clues support your inference?___________________ 3) What action inference can you make? What clues in the text support your inference?_________________________________________________

8.  Ultimately, the difference between inference and prediction is one of fulfillment: while itself a kind of inference, a prediction is an educated guess (often about explicit details) that can be confirmed or denied, an inference is more concerned with the implicit.  In general, if it’s discussing a future event or something that can be explicitly verified within the “natural course of things,” it’s a prediction.  If it’s a theory formed around implicit analysis based on evidence and clues, it’s an inference.  Observe – What do you see?  Predict – What will happen next? Based on explicit information  Inference – What’s going on? Fill in the blanks.