1. Postwar Uncertainty (Ch. 15, Sec. 1)

2. How did new scientific theories challenge old beliefs? World War I caused many to question religious faith (fear of uncertain future) Writer T.S. Eliot described the postwar world as lacking hope and faith Einstein’s Theory of Relativity (space and time not constant) challenged Newton’s absolute laws of motion & gravity Freud’s theory of unconscious, irrational behavior attacked the idea of reason/choice Sartre and Nietzsche believed in existentialism (meaning through choice & action)

4. What changes occurred in art and entertainment in the 1920’s? Artists rebelled against realism and turned to surrealism (above or beyond reality) Cubism transformed natural shapes into geometric shapes (Picasso) Jazz, which originated in the US, gained popularity across the US and throughout Europe Radio (news, sports, weekly shows) became important form of family entertainment, as did movies (silent) Automobiles became part of everyday life (commute to work, vacation, travel) & people traveled by airplane

5. How did women’s lives & roles change during the 1920’s? Women gained the right to vote in most democratic nations Women wore less restrictive clothing (no more corsets) They continued to work outside the home in careers (still responsible for family) They cut their hair short (bobbed) and began to wear makeup (for all occasions) They drove cars, and began to drink (alcohol was illegal) & smoke in public