2. * When Britain took over New France (after the fall of Quebec at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham 1759) * The Conquest resulted in the British imposing two new governing set of Laws (while trying to figure out what to do with the French…) * 1) Treaty of Paris 1763 * 2) Royal Proclamation 1763

3. * Gave Great Britain control over New France and all of its Territories. * “New France” was re-named “Quebec” * Authority : Governors appointed by the English monarchs * People could not elect their own government

4. * More French than English * Languages * Religions * Landholding system * Instead of being ‘in control’ of the fur trade, French Canadiens were now only guides and fur traders. * The only English were Governors * French and English * Roman Catholic and Protestant * French had Seigneurial System

5. * Rules governing British dealings with Aboriginals Peoples. * The Aboriginal Peoples were not to be disturbed on their lands. No governors could grant land to setters that was on Aboriginal territory *(unless it was sold to the crown by the Aboriginals) * People who inadvertently settled on Aboriginal territory must move.

6. * The Original intent of the British (and these Government was to assimilate the French into the British colonies. * This idea would change very quickly……

7. * Indication of revolution * Why? * 13 colonies were upset with British Policies, especially the lack of an elected government. (Colonists couldn’t vote) * The Governors in the new colony of BNA were scared! * Why? * Worried that revolution in the South would spread North and that the French would turn on the now ruling British….

8. * Purpose: to gain the support of the French colonists in BNA * Established by Guy Carleton (1 st British governor of Quebec) * The Act allowed the French: * To retain their culture and language * Re-instated French property and civil laws (but kept British Criminal laws) * To practice Roman Catholicism * The legalization of paying tithes to the RC church (the British hoped to get support of the RC leaders to keep the French from joining the rebellion to the South….) * Created the borders of Quebec to include the Ohio Valley (not the same as today!)

9. * Allow the French colonists to vote * Or to hold legal office (i.e. lawyers)- unless they were to swear an oath to the British Crown… * Also, this act was passed by British parliament without the input from French or Aboriginal peoples. * Unlike the Royal Proclamation, the Quebec Act did not mention the Aboriginal Peoples.

10. * Why? * Thought the Act was “intolerable” because it was instituted by the monarchy and not through democracy. (including many other related to taxation in the 13 Colonies…) and it seemed to warn of potential losses to their own political, economic and social rights… * Results: * The British and French forces in BNA band together to boot the Americans out… * Historical Significance? : * Helped forge a relationship against the 13 Colonies to the South

11. * The much rumoured revolution in the 13 colonies became a reality by 1775. * It would directly lead to the first wave of English speaking people in Canada : The Loyalists * The Loyalists were Americans who remained loyal to the British crown during the American Revolution/American War of Independence