1. Academic Strategies for the Health Care Professional Unit 8: Critical Reading & Note Taking Methods Dianne B. Rhoades, Ph.D. E-mail: drhoades@Kaplan.edu @Kaplan.edu AIM: drdirhoades

2. Welcome to Unit 8 Critical Reading & Note Taking Methods “My concern is students not taking notes will have a lasting “My concern is students not taking notes will have a lasting effect on their true mastery of the material.” ~ William Kennedy

3. Questions from Unit 7 One of the important connections from last week’s reading material is the connection between critical thinking & problem solving skills and success. Any questions about critical thinking or problem solving? Any questions about anything so far?

4. Unit 8 Assignments Discussion Board Question Reading Assignments * Announcements on the Course Home page. * Read page 82 of Chapter 10 Online Learning Activities This week's learning activities will help you to take effective notes and increase your reading comprehension. You will be introduced to note taking methods, including SQ3R, in the PowerPoint. You will then have the opportunity to apply what you've learned in the reading activity. You also have the opportunity to have fun while you review for the Unit 8 Exam, which covers Units 5-8. Be sure to use the test taking strategies you learned in Unit 4 to review for the exam! Seminar Option 1 or 2 Unit 8 Exam

5. Unit 8: Critical Reading & Note-Taking Methods Most likely the largest portion of your schoolwork will be used to complete the required reading assignments for each unit. The reading assignments and activities in each unit will provide you with the information you need to respond intelligently to discussion questions, participate fully in the seminar or discussion, complete the projects, and take tests. In this unit, you will have the opportunity to apply a commonly used reading method to test your reading comprehension. You will also learn about note taking methods and how to best take notes from your readings. Because you are not sitting in classroom taking notes, it will be important for you to take notes from reading assignments.

6. The SQ3R Reading Method

7. Survey  Determine the structure or organization of the chapter. Think about the title. Guess what will be included in the chapter. Think about the title. Guess what will be included in the chapter. Read the introduction. The main ideas will help you understand or make sense of the details. Read the introduction. The main ideas will help you understand or make sense of the details. Read the main-headings (boldface type). Here are the main ideas. Read the main-headings (boldface type). Here are the main ideas. Read the summary. Here is the relationship among the main ideas. Read the summary. Here is the relationship among the main ideas. Read the questions at the end of the chapter. These will help you to identify important parts of the chapter. Read the questions at the end of the chapter. These will help you to identify important parts of the chapter.

8. Question  Turn each heading and subheading into a question. Especially while you are practicing this technique, write the questions down. This gives you a focal point for crystallizing a series of ideas (the answer). YOU ARE LOOKING FOR SOMETHING RATHER THAN SIMPLY LOOKING AT WORDS.  Take one section at a time. Keep answers brief. Keep answers brief. Use your own words.

9. Read  Read only that section. Look for the answers to your questions. Move quickly. Sort out ideas and evaluate them. If content does not relate to the question, give it only a glance.  READ SELECTIVELY.  READ SELECTIVELY.

10. Recite  Answer the question in your own words, not the author's. Then write the answer using only key words, listings, etc. that are needed to recall the entire idea.  Follow the above technique for each section of the chapter.

11. Review  Increase retention and cut cramming time by 90% by means of immediate and delayed review.  Try a variety of methods. 3x5 cards oral recitation study groups.

12. Why be an active reader? Actively reading a text ensures that you get from it what you need… Actively reading a text ensures that you get from it what you need… It keeps you focused during your precious and limited study time… It keeps you focused during your precious and limited study time… It’s the surest route to maximizing your learning while minimizing your time spent… It’s the surest route to maximizing your learning while minimizing your time spent… It’s a key time management tool, which also makes it a stress management tool! It’s a key time management tool, which also makes it a stress management tool!

13. Let’s talk… How can using critical reading and effective note-taking skills help you study more effectively and save time?

14. Cornell Method developed close to 50 years ago by a professor at Cornell University provides a systematic format for condensing and organizing notes without re-writing everything on the page. Left Hand Column use the left-hand space to label each idea fill in missing information (such as highlighted points, diagrams, examples) detail with a key word or "cue." Method Rule your paper with approximately a 2 ½ inch margin on the left leaving a six-inch area on the right in which to make notes. After reading assignment, complete phrases and sentences as much as possible. For significant information, write a cue in the left margin. It is here that you include diagrams, maps, and other highlighted points as well.

15. Review Your Notes To review, cover your notes with a card, leaving the cues exposed. Say the cue out loud, and then say as much as you can of the material underneath the card. When you have said as much as you can, move the card and see if what you said matches what is written. If you can say it, you know it. Advantages This is an organized and systematic method used for recording and reviewing notes. It has an easy format for pulling out major concept and ideas. It is simple and efficient. This method saves time and effort. Can use all other note taking methods in the right hand column Disadvantages NONE What to look for in readings bold, underlined, or italicized words information in boxes or with an icon/symbol headers/sub headers on the page words, ideas, or events that might be on a test quotes, examples, or details you might be able to use later in a paper or presentation charts, diagrams

16. Cornell Notes sample

17. I. The Outlining Method A. Professional B. Clear C. Concise II. When to Use? A. When information is presented in an organized fashion B. When you are preparing to write a paper or project III. How to use A. Roman numerals are used for key points B. Capital letters are used for the minor points. C. Numbers are used for sub-points D. For Points under each sub-point, lowercase letters are used.

18. IV. Advantages A. Very organized system B. Records content as well as relationships. C. Reduces editing D. Easy to review by turning key points into questions. V. Disadvantages A. Requires a lot of thought during the reading process for accurate organization. B. May not show relationships by sequence when needed. VI. When to Use A. If the reading or lecture is presented in an organized way. 1.Deductive (regular outline) 2.Inductive (reverse outline where minor points start building to a major point). B. This method can also be used when organizing the structure for papers and projects.

19. Outline Sample

20. Mapping Method What is it? Pros Review by covering lines for memory drill and relationships. Helps you to visually track the information from the reading assignment. Helps you to visually track the information from the reading assignment. Relationships can easily be seen. Easy to edit your notes by adding numbers, marks, and color coding. You may not see changes in content from major points to facts. – Use this method when the content of the reading assignment is heavy and well- organized – Use this method when the content of the reading assignment is heavy and well- organized Cons When to Use. Main points can be written on flashcards and pieced together into a table or larger structure. Graphic representation of the content in the reading assignment It is a method that maximizes active participation, and emphasizes the reader’s critical thinking skills.

21. Mapping Sample

22. Charting Method What to do ProsConsUse? If the content presented in the reading assignment is distinct (such as chronological), you may set up your paper by drawing columns and labeling appropriate headings in a table. The first step is to determine the categories to be covered in the reading or lecture. The next step is to set up your paper in advance with columns headed by these categories. As you read, record information (words, phrases, main ideas, etc.) into the appropriate category. The first step is to determine the categories to be covered in the reading or lecture. The next step is to set up your paper in advance with columns headed by these categories. As you read, record information (words, phrases, main ideas, etc.) into the appropriate category. Charts help you track discussions where you would normally be overwhelmed with the material. They reduce the amount of writing necessary. They provide an easy review mechanism for both memorization of facts and study of comparisons and relationships. There are few disadvantages to using this method except learning how to use the system and locating the appropriate categories. You must be able to understand the purpose of the reading assignment and how the content is organized. This method should be used when you will be tested on both facts and the relationships between facts. It is effective when the content is heavy and when you want to reduce the amount of time you spend editing and reviewing. It is helpful to use when you want to get an overview of the main points discussed in the reading.

23. The Sentence Method 1. For the sentence Method, write every new thought, fact, or topic on a separate line, numbering as you progress. 2. Since you are the only one who will view the notes, it is helpful to use personal short- hand and/or abbreviations when writing to save time. 3. The Advantages of this method is slightly more organized than writing paragraphs. 4. It gets most or all of the information down on paper. 5. The Disadvantages of this method is that you will not be able to determine major/minor points from the numbered sequence. 6. This method is difficult to edit because the content may not show how the information is related. 7. It can be difficult to review as well unless editing cleans up the relationship between the content. 8. It is best to use this method when the reading assignment is somewhat organized, but heavy with content or when you can see the different points, but you do not know how they fit together. 9. You can also use this method in live lectures/seminar when you are unsure of what material is important.

24. References for Note Taking Bishop, J., Carter, C., & Kravits, S. (2001). Keys to success, how to achieve Your Goals (3 rd ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ. Pearson Custom Publishing. Deese, J., & Deese. E. K. (1979). How to study (3rd ed). New York: McGraw Hill, Inc. Johnson, S. The 4 T’s: Teacher/You, text, talk, test – A systematic approach to learning success. California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. Pauk, W. (1974). How to study in college (2nd ed). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. Raygor, A. L., & Wark, D. (1970). Systems for study. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.

25. Which of the five note-taking methods do you think fits with your learning style and why? Let’s Talk…

26. Time to Stretch

27. Note Taking: Why is it important? Note Taking: Why is it important? Note-taking is an important skill to develop. For one thing it will help you organize the information you gather during your reading and research, which will make writing your paper easier. For another, proper note-taking can help prevent plagiarism. If you take notes carefully, you can track: details about your source (author, title, page, etc.) which information came from which source, which words in your notes are direct quotes, which ideas are your own etc.

28. How can we choose which note taking system will work best for us?

29. Kinesthetic Learners & Note Taking  Draw pictures  When reviewing, walk around

30. Visual Learners & Note Taking  Color (highlighters, markers, pencils)  Charts  Diagrams  Graphs  Post It Notes

31. Verbal Learners & Note Taking  Read out loud while writing the notes  Read notes aloud when reviewing

32.  Analyzing our own learning styles  Trying different approaches to see what works for us  Creating our own system by combining those elements we like best So… we can choose which note taking system will work best for us by:

33. Looking Ahead to Unit 9: Discussion Board Question Reading Assignments  Announcements on the Course Home page.  Preparing Final Projects: Final projects are one way your instructors will check to make sure you have met the learning objectives of the course. In most cases, they are essays, research papers, or presentations requiring you to synthesize (combine) the information you gathered throughout the course. You will also be required to support your own ideas and statements with information from your reading assignments or other outside sources of information. Online Learning Activities This week's learning activity will help you with your final project. No Seminar Option 1 or 2 Final Project

34. Final Project: Create an Action Plan For the final project, you will create an Action Plan that focuses on goals (Unit 2), test-taking skills (Unit 4), time management (Unit 5), and stress management (Unit 6). This project incorporates the mini projects so that you can create one comprehensive action plan to use while you are at Kaplan. This plan can be reviewed and revised as you progress through your degree plan. Use the template accessible through the button above to complete your final project. For the final project, you will create an Action Plan that focuses on goals (Unit 2), test-taking skills (Unit 4), time management (Unit 5), and stress management (Unit 6). This project incorporates the mini projects so that you can create one comprehensive action plan to use while you are at Kaplan. This plan can be reviewed and revised as you progress through your degree plan. Use the template accessible through the button above to complete your final project.

35.  ACTION PLAN  Educational Goals Copy and paste your goals from the Unit 2 Project:  Evaluate your goals. How are you progressing on each one? What can you do to ensure success on each goal OR do you need to revise any of the goals? Write at least 5 sentences for each goal. Goal 1: (5 sentences) Goal 2: (5 sentences) Goal 3: (5 sentences)  Test taking plan Copy and paste your test taking strategies from your Unit 4 Project: Write at least 5 sentences for EACH question. Did these test taking strategies work for you? (5 sentences) Did these test taking strategies work for you? (5 sentences) Would you change any of them? (5 sentences)

36.  Do you think your test taking skills have improved? Think also in terms of your LASSI scores for Test Anxiety, Self Testing, and Test Strategies. (5 sentences)  Study Plan (Unit 5 Project)  Study Plan (Unit 5 Project) Write at least 5 sentences for EACH question. For future courses, what adjustments do you need to make to your study plan? For future courses, what adjustments do you need to make to your study plan? What distractions do you need to watch out for? How can you be proactive in creating a study plan for each course?  Create stress management plan Copy and Paste your stress management plan from the unit 6 project. Write at least 5 sentences for each question Did you follow your plan for decreasing your stressors? If yes, how did they work? If not, then what can you do in the future to follow through? Did you follow your plan for decreasing your stressors? If yes, how did they work? If not, then what can you do in the future to follow through? How can keeping your action plan up to date, help you be successful at Kaplan?

37.  Maintaining your Progress List 5 obstacles that may block your success at Kaplan. For each obstacle, list at least one idea for overcoming that barrier. Review Unit 6 on being Proactive.  Obstacle 1:  Obstacle 1:  What you can do:  Obstacle 2:  Obstacle 2:  What you can do:  Obstacle 3: What you can do: What you can do:  Obstacle 4:  Obstacle 4:  What you can do:  Obstacle 5:  What you can do:

38. Some final thoughts… "The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more you learn, the more places you'll go." — Dr. Seuss, "I Can Read With My Eyes Shut!"

39. Questions?