1. Activity 12 Title: Evaluating Materials

2. Vocabulary Materials scientist Materials engineer

3. Problem: Which is the best material for making a drink container? Hypothesis/Initial Thoughts:

4. What are some of the properties that make the material you chose the best choice? Breakability/Safety Cost Convenience (example: a reclosable cap) Recyclability Density/Weight

5. During this unit, you will: Work towards selecting a material for a product based on the material’s chemical and physical properties. Today you will analyze data and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each of three materials.

6. Information on Cards Units of Measurement: –Ounces (Weight) –Gallons (Volume) –Pounds (Weight) –Tons (Weight) –Kilocalories (Energy) approximates the energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1°Ckilogram

7. Red Mud Red mud is the name given to the residue left after aluminum oxide is extracted from bauxite. Red mud is composed, in varying amounts, of oxides of iron, aluminum, silicon, sodium, calcium, titanium, and some aluminum. Feldspar used in glassmaking is a group of minerals commonly found in rocks and sand. It usually contains oxides of aluminum and silicon.

8. Procedure: Follow procedure on pg. B-7

9. Procedure Overview 1. In your group, list the properties of each of the three materials—aluminum, glass, and plastic. Brainstorm the advantages and disadvantages of each material. Record your decisions in your data table. (You do not need to agree on each advantage or disadvantage.) 2. Read and discuss the cards together and then organize the cards into categories, giving a title to each category (at least 5).

10. 3. Create a title that describes each category of sorted cards. Write the title of each category on a slip of paper and place it above that group of cards. 4. Compare your categories with groups near you and discuss any differences. 5. Adjust your categories if necessary. 6. Decide if the information on the cards is an advantage or disadvantage & record in your table.

11. Data: Design a data table to record the advantages and disadvantages of each material Draw a sketch of your table before you make it---get approval by teacher Give it an overall title Label each column and row

12. Results: Make a bar graph of your results Title the graph Label the axes

13. Graph Title--The graph title gives an overview of the information being presented in the graph. The title is given at the top of the graph. Axes and their labels--Each graph has two axes. The axes labels tell us what information is presented on each axis. One axis represents data groups, the other represents the amounts or frequency of data groups. Grouped Data Axis--The grouped data axis is always at the base of the bars. This axis displays the type of data being graphed.

15. Bar Graphs Cost to Produce Container (1, 10, 19) Kcal of Energy to Produce One Ton (2, 9, 20) Pollutants and Waste Created in Producing One Ton (3, 13, 18) –Combine the pollutants and wastes shown on each card. Containers per Ton of Material (4, 14, 17) Container Type as a Percentage of Solid Waste (5, 11, 15) Percent Recycled (7, 12, 16)

16. Discussion Did these graphs change your mind about which material you think should be used to make the new drink container?

17. Analysis: Question #3 Answer in 3 parts: a, b, and c All answers must be supported with evidence from the activity