1. ANCIENT ROME The Fall of the Republic

2. The First Punic War Rome/Carthage want Sicily Carthaginians have a colonies Rome sends army Rome = strong army, Carthage = strong navy Rome builds a navy 20 years of fighting, Rome wins, Carthage leaves Sicily and pays a HUGE fine

3. The 2 nd Punic War Carthage expands empire in Spain Rome helps locals rebel Carthage gets mad and sends Hannibal Takes men, horses, and elephants across Alps and invades He crushes Roman army repeatedly Rome raises yet another army and invades Carthage Hannibal returns home but loses Carthage gives up navy, Spain, and pays another HUGE fine

4. Third Punic War Carthage still trading center Rome wants it and invades Rome wins and enslaves 50,000 men, women, and children Spread salt on fields so Carthaginians can no longer grow food Rome later defeats Macedonia and Greece Rome sole power in Mediterranean

5. Problems in the Republic Plebeians gained power in government but patricians still dominate few rich and privileged, many poor plebeians sinking into debt and poverty patricians=large farms, slaves do the work. Pleb’s forced out and could not find work. Wealthy have slaves do it all politicians want poor votes so they hand out food and entertainment (bread and circuses) dishonest rulers come to power based off of what they give the poor

6. Problems at Home The Army Enters Politics military had stayed out of government soldiers were plebeian farmers, but plebeians couldn’t farm anymore Consul Marius began paying them and promised land Troops now motivated by money and land not duty new power struggles between generals Sulla comes in and makes himself dictator by force he weakens Council of the Plebs and strengthens Senate Sulla steps down as dictator and Rome is in civil war because others want power