1. Microdata in HTML 5.0 Web Applications Martin Nečaský Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic

2. Machine-readability  machine readability of an HTML page means capability of machines to interpret the data on that page  HTML 5.0 elements allow for machine readability only partly, e.g.  time element  address element  we could continuously standardize new and new semantic elements … but  it is not possible to standardize everything  we need an extensible mechanism to make our HTML pages machine readable

3. Machine-readability Hi, I’m Martin Nečaský and I work at Charles University in Prague. Interesting Events DATESO 2011 After a year, we will again meet at DATESO 2011. We... When: April 20th 2011 to April 24th 2011 Where: Hotel OtavArena, Burketova 303, 397 01, Písek

4. Machine-readability  it is useful to increase machine-readability of your web pages by annotating their content with machine-readable values  How to achieve machine-readability?  microformats  microdata  RDFa

5. Microdata for machine-readability  microdata allows nested groups of name-value pairs to be added to documents in addition to “classical” content  the basic microdata concept is item  group of name-value pairs  item ~ object  name-value pair ~ attribute value  value: atomic value (integer, string, date, …) or another item

6. Microdata for machine-readability  attribute itemscope  any HTML element having this attribute represents a single item

7. Microdata for machine-readability Hi, I’m Martin Nečaský and I work at Charles University in Prague. Interesting Events DATESO 2011 After a year, we will again meet at DATESO 2011. We... When: April 20th 2011 to April 24th 2011 Where: Hotel OtavArena, Burketova 303, 397 01, Písek

8. Microdata for machine-readability  each item has its type  type ~ class, item ~ class instance  attribute itemtype  type should be from a standardized vocabulary  otherwise no one will be able to interpret our content  e.g. http://schema.org  http://schema.org/Person  http://schema.org/PostalAddress  http://schema.org/Event  http://schema.org/Product  http://schema.org/Review

9. Microdata for machine-readability Hi, I’m Martin Nečaský and I work at Charles University in Prague. Interesting Events DATESO 2011 After a year, we will again meet at DATESO 2011. We... When: April 20th 2011 to April 24th 2011 Where: Hotel OtavArena, Burketova 303, 397 01, Písek

10. Microdata for machine-readability  each item has set of properties  name/value pairs  attribute itemprop  property name should be from a standardized vocabulary  otherwise no one will be able to interpret our data  e.g. item of type http://schema.org/Person has following properties:  name  image  colleagues  address : s treetAddress, addressLocality, address Region, postalCode  …

11. Microdata for machine-readability Welcome, my name is Martin Nečaský and I work as an assistant professor at Charles University in Prague.

12. Microdata for machine-readability  and item of type http://schema.org/Event has following properties:  name  description  url  startDate  endDate  address  …

13. Microdata for machine-readability DATESO 2011 After a year, we will again... When: April 20th 2011 April 24th 2011 Where: <address itemprop="address" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Address"> Hotel OtavArena, Burketova 303, 397 01, Písek

14. Microdata for machine-readability  let’s get a deeper insight – where is property value for a property?  let E be element with itemprop attribute. Then value V is determined by following table EV E has itemscope attributeitem created by E metavalue of content attribute or empty img, audio, video, embed, iframe, source, track URL of src attribute or empty a, link, areaURL of href attribute or empty objectURL of data attribute or empty timevalue of datetime attribute all other casestext content of E

15. Microdata for machine-readability  let’s get a deeper insight – what if data is separated from my item (e.g. due to page layout)?  no problem, use itemref attribute to refer other elements with item properties

16. Microdata for machine-readability <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemref="colleaguesA colleaguesB"> Welcome, my name is Martin Nečaský and I work as an assistant professor at Charles University in Prague. My friends: John Black Bill White My other friends: Joe Pink

17. Projects  Who considers working with machine-readable web pages?  Google Rich Snippets  Yahoo SearchMonkey  Facebook Open Graph Protocol  DBPedia.org  …  Are there any other standards?  http://www.foaf-project.org/ http://www.foaf-project.org/  http://trac.usefulinc.com/doap http://trac.usefulinc.com/doap  http://www.heppnetz.de/projects/goodrelations/ http://www.heppnetz.de/projects/goodrelations/  …

18. Projects - Google Rich Snippets  consume microformats, microdata, RDFa  data from your web pages may be used by Google for searching and displaying search results

19. Projects – Yahoo SearchMonkey  consume microformats  project has been stopped in 2010  but it is integrated to Yahoo and Microsoft products and further developed  http://www.ysearchblog.com/2010/08/17/news-about- our-searchmonkey-program http://www.ysearchblog.com/2010/08/17/news-about- our-searchmonkey-program

20. Projects – FB Open Graph Protocol  enables integrate your web pages into FB social network  own way to achieve machine-readability (via meta elements) <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml"> The Rock (1996) <meta property="og:description" content="A group of U.S. Marines, under..."/>......

21. Schema.org  http://schema.org http://schema.org  includes GoodRelations [http://www.heppnetz.de/ontologies/goodrel ations/v1.html#microdata_specification]http://www.heppnetz.de/ontologies/goodrel ations/v1.html#microdata_specification