1. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III (c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III The Skin They're In Racially Relevant Instructional Strategies for Teaching African American Students By Dr. Mack T. Hines III

2. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III Question Why do African American Students continually fail to experience academic success in school? Place to Learn Space to Achieve

3. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III Answer Lack of Pride P ositive R acial I dentity D evelopment E xperiences

4. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III Racially Relevant Instruction Racially relevant instruction is using the cultural and sociocultural aspects of Black culture to imbue African American children with the racial identity needed to succeed in the classroom.

5. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III PICTURE THIS The Rationale “When a teacher presents a picture of learning and you are not in it, you become an afterthought of accountability, and your life and experiences will not find a mirror in the classroom.” Dr. Mack T. Hines III

6. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III Four Frames of Reference Oral & Rhythmic Expression Multi-Level Togetherness Episodic Vitality Vervistic Focus

7. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III INSTRUCTIONS As you work in groups, I would like you to help each other by working together to complete the assignment. It is important that you feel connected with the other people in your group. You should also try to do everything that you can to share, help and work well together for the good of the group.

8. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III Multi-Level Togetherness Communalism Forming communal groups to accomplish goals.

9. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III9(c) 2009 Dr. Mack T. Hines III(c) 2008 Mack T. Hines III AFRICAN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE “AM I MY BROTHER’S KEEPER?” Concern Altogether for Relating to Everybody Treating Relationships with Understanding Sensitivity and Truth

10. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III AFRICAN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE “AM I MY BROTHER’S KEEPER?” SOCIAL ORIENTATION Strong Emphasis on Relating to People Instead of Objects GROUP DUTY Group First Individual Second IDENTITY Self Tied to Other Selves SHARING Caring to Share Sharing to Care

11. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III Differences Cooperation & Communalism Cooperation Loosely Structured Extrinsic Orientation Motivated by Goals Practical in Nature Practice + Repetition ________ Success Communalism Definitively Structured Intrinsic Orientation Motivated by People Sociocentric in Nature Social + Cultural _______ Success

12. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III12 Community Building Looks Likes A family-oriented community of learners Joint Tasks Accountable Discussions Mutual Agreements African American students learn best in family-oriented learning communities.

13. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III Vervistic Focus The use of high energy and emotion to acquire and retain information. Task Stimulation Task Variation

14. Mack(c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III (c) 2007 Mack T. Hines III SOUTH CAROLINA