1. Le nuove frontiere dell’ HPC
Sergio Re
Sales & Marketing Manager
Silicon Graphics Italia

2. $500m 6000+ Clienti attivi 50 SGI oggi
Un’anzienda rivolta all’innovazione
$500m
Più di
fatturato
6000+ Clienti attivi
Più di 1700 persone
in oltre
paesi nel mondo 50
800+ persone che visitano clienti
300+ Ingegneri in R&D
• sistemi Linux HPC più avanzati del mondo
• un’architettura scalare unica
• un sistema di condivione globale della memoria
• File systems e condivisione dello storage
• Servizi e consulenza
I ns punti di forza tecnici

3. Fatturato per segmento di mercato
Enterprise Business
Management/Media 9%
Defense & Intelligence
Engineering
35%
Analysis
20%
Sciences
36%

4. SGI Systems Highly Integrated and Massively Scalable
Performance
Computing
Advanced
Graphics
Storage

5. Joint Development With Partners
SGI and Intel collaborage on system design requirements for large scale computing for Itanium and Xeon CPUs
SGI maintains a close working relationship with Novell on Linux support for scalability, performance, and support for SGI servers and storage systems.
SGI works closely with Red Hat on Linux support with a special emphasis on security and adherence to standards
SGI has contributed thousands of lines of code to the Linux Community Including code that supports large scale computing, reliability and stability
SGI and Oracle are jointly developing, selling and marketing
Enterprise solutions for data intensive problems

6. Le necessità di calcolo
CPU
Simulazione Metereologica
Generiche applicazioni di calcolo
Signal processing
Database
Web server
Memoria
I/O
How are we improving from Origin? We’re already recognized for our leadership in high-performance scalability. However, scalability isn’t a uni-linear path. How you define scalability depends on the application. (Click through different applications and which aspects of scalability are important to each.)
The big goal is to increase the modularity of Origin so that these subcomponents can be managed separately.
Media streaming

7. SGI Advanced HPC Platform
Large
SMP Workflow
Midrange SMP/
Cluster Workflow
Application Appliance
Cluster Workflow
SGI® Altix® 450
SGI® Altix® 4700
SGI® f1200
SGI® Altix® XE
ICE 8200
The SGI Altix line of servers and supercomputers provides customers with mid-range and high-end systems that lead the industry in scalability, performance, and price/performance – all based on 100% Linux
In June, SGI announced a refresh to this server line based on Intel’s new dual-core Montecito processor technology – and will also announce an upgrade to the Altix 350 midrange server, which we refer to as “Project Proteus”.
At the same time, SGI announced an entirely new line of x86-64 based servers and clusters – designed to provide customers with an advanced solution for workgroup servers and small node clusters.
Intel® ITANIUM2 based
Intel® Xeon® based

8. SGI Workflow Ready Solution
Workflow Continuum
Common Linux OS & Development Tools
SGI Scalable shared file servers & storage solutions
The SGI Altix line of servers and supercomputers provides customers with mid-range and high-end systems that lead the industry in scalability, performance, and price/performance – all based on 100% Linux
In June, SGI announced a refresh to this server line based on Intel’s new dual-core Montecito processor technology – and will also announce an upgrade to the Altix 350 midrange server, which we refer to as “Project Proteus”.
At the same time, SGI announced an entirely new line of x86-64 based servers and clusters – designed to provide customers with an advanced solution for workgroup servers and small node clusters.
Common Workload Management Tools
Systems Management
& Monitoring

9. SGI: Complete HPC Solution on Linux®
SGI ProPack™
for Linux
And
Third Party
Tools
Debuggers:
Intel Debugger
Etnus® TotalView®
GNU GDB
Allinea Software Distrbuted Debug Tool
Performance and Analysis Tools:
Intel VTune™ Performance Analyzer
Intel Trace Analyzer and Trace Collector
SGI Performance Co-Pilot™
SGI pfmon and profile.pl
SGI Histx
Other SGI ProPack Tools
REACT 4.2 (real-time support)
XVM
NUMA tools (cpuset, dlock, dplace)
Embedded Support Partner (ESP)
Graphics support
Compilers:
Intel C++ and Fortran Compilers for Linux
GNU Compiler for C and Fortran 77
Libraries:
SGI Message Passing Toolkit
SGI Scientific Computing Software Library
SGI Flexible File I/O
Intel Math Kernel Library
Intel Integrated Performance Primitives
NAG C, Parallel, Fortran, Fortran SMP, F90
Automated Parallelization Tools:
Parallel Software Products ParaWise
Open Source Development Tools:
Linuxlinks.org, Freshmeat.net, SourceForge®.net
SGI Data Management Software
CXFS™ cluster File System
DMF hierarchical storage management
Standard Linux
Distributions
Novell SUSE™ Linux Enterprise Server 9 and 10
RedHat® Enterprise Linux 4

10. ICE 8200 Breakthrough Reliability
(16) 2-Socket Nodes
(2) 4x DDR IB Switch Blades
(1) 24-Port IB switch ASIC per blade
10U 24-inch EIA Form Factor (17.50-in H x 22.5-in W x 32-in D)
(1) Chassis Management Controller (CMC)
(7+1) 1625W 12VDC Output Front-End Power Supplies
Front View
Carlsbad IRU: 128 cores and no cables
Redundant, hot swap power and cooling
Fully Buffered DIMMS to reduce transient errors
Blade design provides rapid serviceability
InfiniBand backplane for high signal reliability

11. ICE 8200 Breakthrough Performance Density
Up to 512 Cores and 6 TFlops per Rack
(16) Carlsbad Blades
Each 42U rack (30” W x 40” D) rack has:
(4) IRUs with (16) 2-Socket Carlsbad Nodes each
(128) DP Intel® Xeon® sockets
DDR IB ports on (4) backplanes for torus
(48) 4x DDR IB
19” standard rack also supported
SGI offers optional chilled water-cooled units for use in large system configurations
39.5kW (high-bin SKUs + (4) FB DIMMs /socket)
31.6kW (assuming 80% system-level derate)
Rack weight ~ 2050 Lb (246 Lb/ft2 footprint)
(16) Carlsbad Blades
(16) Carlsbad Blades
(16) Carlsbad Blades

12. SGI Scalable ccNUMA Architecture Basic Node Interconnect
CPU
CPU C A H E C A H E
CPU
CPU C A H E
NUMAlink Interconnect
Interface
Chip
Interface
Chip
Physical Memory
Physical Memory
Physical Memory

13. Open Systems Scaleable Infrastructure
RASC™ (FPGA)
TIO
GPUs
Scalable GPUs
TIO
General
Purpose
I/O
General Purpose
I/O Interfaces
FPGA(s)
FPGA(s)
Physical Memory C A E H
CPU
Interface
Chip
Physical Memory C A E H
CPU
Interface
Chip
Physical Memory C A E H
CPU
Interface
Chip
TIO
NUMAlink™
Interconnect
Fabric

14. 5U ‘Individual Rack Unit’ Chassis
SGI® Altix® 450
“Plug and Solve” Blade Form Factor
Half-rack or Full-rack
5U ‘IRU’ Chassis
-Chassis-only option
-3rd party rack option
2 to 38 Sockets
-4 to 76 cores
608 GB SSI Memory
-Increasing to 912GB in 1HCY07 S
I/O
Double
Slot
(I/O)
Single
NUMALINK
Power Sup.
5U ‘Individual Rack Unit’ Chassis

15. Bringing it Together: Solution Components
SGI® Altix® and Altix® XE
ISC Star-P™
Scalable servers, clusters, and supercomputers
Cost-efficient, reliable Altix XE clusters with leading density, power efficiency
Advanced scalability to 512 processors per Altix server and 128TB globally addressable memory per system
Complete Linux solution for HPC
Interactive parallel computing platform
Bridges MATLAB and Altix servers
Works with familiar desktop tools, while leveraging an HPC for computationally-intensive tasks
Automatic and transparent, no new programming
The SGI Altix server platform and Star-P bring it all together. Star-P bridges MATLAB and HPC Servers allowing researchers to work with the familiar desktop tools while leveraging the power of the SGI Altix HPC servers for computationally intensive tasks. This solution is really the “best of both worlds”.
Images courtesy of Silicon Graphics, Inc; Interactive Supercomputing Inc.

16. How Star-P works Star-P consists of desktop & server software
Desktop software – Star-P Client
Overloads or intercepts desktop tool functions
Connects and communicates to/with server software – securely
Server software – Star-P Server on SGI® Altix® or SGI® Altix® XE
Manages and directs resources – memory, cpu’s and I/O
Contains world class libraries for parallel execution
User & Session management

17. What’s the Value Desktop Users: Organization No change in religion
Interactivity
On parallel machines
For large data
No reprogramming
No C, Fortran, MPI
Reduced run times
Not hours or weeks
Continued model optimization
Organization
Collapse development cycles
Reduce costs
Broaden usage
Shorten solution time
Accelerate research

18. Parallel Development Takes Too Long
Months or years are spent porting from desktops to parallel systems
No interactively on parallel machines from desktop
Little ability to iterate
Long compute times for batch runs; hours-days
Analyst’s ability to optimize the model is limited

19. Using Star-P– Serial operations
Use MATLAB
File Editor
Profiler
Debugger
Array Editor
Desktop
Visualization
Small Calculations
Running Star-P does not affect normal MATLAB environment
Problems that can be solved on desktop - stay on desktop

20. SGI® RASC™ Solution: Simplifies Development & Improves Programmer Efficiency
Gnu Debugger (GDB)
FPGA Aware
Simultaneous debugging of both the CPU based app and the FPGA accelerated app
RASC Abstraction Layer (RASCAL)
SGI provided
Enables serial or parallel FPGA scaling
RASC API and Core Services Library
Provides tools to develop reconfigurable computing elements in a multi-user, multiprocessing environment
3rd Party HLL Development Tools
Mitrionics Mitrion C, Impulse-C and ROCCC
Synplicity Synplify Pro and Xilinx Synthesis Technology
Supported within RASC environment
For advanced incremental and modular design methodologies

21. How Do FPGAs Differ from Traditional CPUs?
Compare Application Run Time %’s
Application Run-Time Comparison
RC100 Method
Key Algorithm
running on FPGA
Algorithm
Execution Time
Traditional Method
CPU only
Execution time
Time
Savings
Job Run Time
Export Algorithm to RASC
Directly map computationally-intensive algorithms to hardware with RC100 technology
Identify RASC
appropriate algorithm

22. SGI® RASC™ RC100 Blade SSP NL4 V4LX200 TIO PCI Selmap NL4 Loader
SRAM
SRAM
SRAM
SSP
NL4
V4LX200
TIO
SRAM
PCI
Selmap
SRAM
NL4
Loader
SRAM
Selmap
SRAM
NL4
SSP
TIO
V4LX200
SSAM
SRAM
SRAM

23. SGI Workflow Ready Solution –Segment Example –Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI)
Any combination of ALTIX servers & XE sharing storage resources
FSI Workload
SGI Solution:
ALTIX XE
Modest memory addressability (~2-4GB+/core)
ALTIX 450/4700
Large memory addressability (~4-8GB/core)
Option for B/W blades
Storage
High Speed SAS (~250GB/core)
4SAS disks per XE node
CAPABILITY
CAPACITY
SGI Altix 450/4700
SMP & super head node
InfiniBand or GigE Fabric
SGI Altix XE 1200/1300
(x86-64) clusters
Fibre Channel or InfiniBand or GigE Fabric
Minimize time-to solution for the largest & most demanding problems
Cost-effective
Solution
& performance leader for most analyses
SGI® Scalable NAS (and other shared file servers)
Optimally meet the diverse needs of all workloads or procurement drivers

24. Advanced
Graphics
Storage

25. SGI® InfiniteStorage Hardware
Multi-purpose RAID Systems
Streaming Real-time RAID
Low-cost SATA RAID
350
4 Gb connectivity
500GB SATA drives
4500
Max performance
4Gb FC or IB
Enterprise S/W
FC RAID / SATA
6700
Multiple high resolution streaming
Isochronous
Ultra-dense RAID
10000
Ultra-high density
Tape complement or replacement
One rack – 240 TB
4000
4Gb Fibre Channel
Ultimate Price/Performance
FC RAID / SATA
SAN
NAS
Completely
integrated
Easy to
deploy
Grows with
customers’
business
We have many new offerings on the storage side, in a big marketplace, as we compare ourselves to the NetAps, the EMCs of the world, we believe we have a very strong line up in comparison to them.
JBOD
120
Easy to deploy modular scalability

26. Data Management Software Stack
Storage Product Integration
DMF
CXFS
NFS
RDMA accelerated (NAS)
XFS
SGI System
Altix Servers
3rd Party
Disks, Fiber Channel Switches

27. InfiniteStorage® Appliance Manager
Setting up NAS with
Appliance Manager
is easy as configuring
a home network!
Monitor Appliance Information Trends
and Statistics in Real-Time!

28. SGI® InfiniteStorage, le soluzioni
SGI® InfiniteStorage Data Migration Facility (DMF) migra in maniera trasparente I files dallo Storage On-line a quello definito near-line secondo I critei temporali assegnati
Questo porta ad abbassare il TCO
Incremetare il ROI e la produttività
E’ più facile da gestire
Riduce I rischi di perdita dei dati
Protegge gli investimenti iniziali
Integra la disponibilità del dato con la sua sicurezza
SGI® InfiniteStorage Shared File System CXFS™
tutti I file sono condisisi
non sono copiati
Non si spreca spazio
si risparmia tempo
si risparmiano soldi
File B
File D
File E
File F
File G
File H
File I
File A
File C

29. Vi interessa?... Si chiama Pixelfusion Enviroment
Dedicato a: Decision Support Centres, Surveillance/Homeland Security/Crisis, C4I battlefield command and control
Vi interessa?... Si chiama Pixelfusion Enviroment

30. Media Fusion Process Native Render Local Display IP Streams Local
Input
Input
Fusion
Fusion
Output
Output
Native
Render
Fusion
Render to
Pipes
Local
Display IP
Streams
Network
Stream to IP
Local
Streams
Record/
Retrieve
Network

32. HPC Technology Investment Strategy
Packaging
Consistency
Density & Reliability
Energy Efficiency
Interconnect
Reduce Cost
Increase Value
Data Management

33. Oracle® TimesTen : In-Memory DB Customer Benchmark Results
Government Customer’s Data & Tests
Incumbent 96GB System vs. Altix 960GB
Improvement
Ingest order-records x
Ingest person-records x
Query 1 per secest vs K/sec
Join Data 1 every min vs K/sec
Sub-Query 1 every 5mins vs K/sec
May’06

34. SGI Altix Servers Support More Memory
Maximum Memory
Memory/Core
SGI Altix 4700
128 TB
128 GB/core
IBM p595
2 TB
32 GB/core
HP Superdome
16 GB/core
Sun Enterprise 25K
1 TB
8 GB/core
Source: Ideas International, Inc. – February 2007
SGI Altix 4700 supports more memory
Fewer cores are required to support the same level of memory
Lower TCO:
Spend less on processors
Spend less on software licenses

35. SGI Altix 4700 Requires Less Floorspace
Dense System Packaging is one of SGI’s Core Competencies
System Footprint
Width
Depth
Area
Altix 4700
45”
26”
1170”
HP SuperDome
60”
48”
2880”
Sun E25K
65”
33”
2145”
IBM p595
52”
31”
1612”
HP SuperDome
Sun E25K
IBM p595
SGI Altix 4700

36. SGI Altix Innovative Power Architecture
SGI Servers are Twice as Efficient
Typical Power Architecture
SGI Power Architecture AC AC
Server
48VDC
SGI Altix Server
No 48V
Conversion
~80%
Additional
boards
Additional
boards
board
board
High Efficiency
Power Converters
12v
12v
~80%
90%
1.85v
3.3v
1.2v
1.85v
3.3v
1.2v
85%
Proprietary
Power Design
~70%
80% x 80% x 70% = 45% efficiency
90% x 92% = 76% efficiency

37. Interconnect Strategy : Reduce Cost & Increase Capability
NUMAlink5: hw extension of IFB (’09)
COTS Infiniband12x copper cable
COTS serdes
Custom protocol (higher capability)
NUMAlink4 (Today)
Custom copper cable
Custom signaling
Custom protocol
$450 (5m)
$150 (5m)

38. Copper : Weight becoming significant
Picture credit : LRZ

39. SGI NumaLink System Architecture
MPU
MPU
MPU IO
CPU IO
Very Large Shared Memory
. Globally Addressable
. Low Latency
. High Bandwidth
. Many Ports
CPU
CPU
APU
(GPU)
CPU
APU
(FPGA)
APU
(FPGA)
CPU
CPU

40. Sergio Re
Tel