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Prophets of the Persian Period © John Stevenson, 2010.

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Presentation on theme: "Prophets of the Persian Period © John Stevenson, 2010."— Presentation transcript:

1 Prophets of the Persian Period © John Stevenson, 2010

2 What is the situation addressed by the book?What is the situation addressed by the book? What is the big idea of the book?What is the big idea of the book? How can we apply the message of the book for today?How can we apply the message of the book for today? HaggaiMalachi

3 Call to Complete the Temple

4 Jerusalem Babylon Medes Persians

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6 Ezra 5:1-2 When the prophets, Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo, prophesied to the Jews who were in Judah and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel, who was over them, 2 then Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel and Jeshua the son of Jozadak arose and began to rebuild the house of God which is in Jerusalem; and the prophets of God were with them supporting them.

7 Amos Artaxerxes I Haggai Temple Completed 516 BC Return under Ezra in the 4th Year of Artaxerxes I 458 BC Return under Nehemiah 444 BC KINGS OF PERSIA Darius Hystaspes Xerxes Invasion of Greece Esther Babylon Falls & Jews allowed to return to the Land 539 BC Cyrus Cambyses Zechariah

8 1:1-15 1 st Sermon 2:1-92:10-192:20-23 2 nd Sermon3 rd Sermon Question: How can your houses be paneled while God’s house lies desolate? Response: People came and worked

9 “Consider your ways…” The people had a problem with priorities: Is it time for you yourselves to dwell in your paneled houses while this house lies desolate? (1:4). The people were experiencing a dissatisfaction: You have sown much, but harvest little; you eat, but there is not enough to be satisfied; you drink, but there is not enough to become drunk; you put on clothing, but no one is warm enough; and he who earns, earns wages to put into a purse with holes (1:6).

10 “Consider your ways…” The people were more concerned with their own comforts than with the glory of the Lord: “Go up to the mountains, bring wood and rebuild the temple, that I may be pleased with it and be glorified,” says the LORD (1:8).

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12 Encouragement Encouraged by the Presence of God: “But now take courage, Zerubbabel,” declares the LORD, “take courage also, Joshua son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and all you people of the land take courage,” declares the LORD, “and work; for I am with you,” says the LORD of hosts. 5 As for the promise which I made you when you came out of Egypt, My Spirit is abiding in your midst; do not fear! (2:4-5).

13 Encouragement Encouraged by the Power of God: For thus says the LORD of hosts, 'Once more in a little while, I am going to shake the heavens and the earth, the sea also and the dry land. 7 And I will shake all the nations (2:6-7).

14 Encouragement Encouraged by the Possessions of God: “And I will shake all the nations; and they will come with the wealth of all nations; and I will fill this house with glory,” says the LORD of hosts. 8 The silver is Mine, and the gold is Mine,” declares the LORD of hosts (2:7-8). Encouraged by the Peace of God: “The latter glory of this house will be greater than the former,” says the LORD of hosts, “and in this place I shall give peace,” declares the LORD of hosts (2:9).

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16 Haggai 2:20-21 Then the word of the LORD came a second time to Haggai on the twenty- fourth day of the month saying, 21 “Speak to Zerubbabel governor of Judah saying, ‘I am going to shake the heavens and the earth.’”

17 Haggai 2:22 “And I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the horses and their riders will go down, everyone by the sword of another.”

18 Haggai 2:23 On that day,’ declares the LORD of hosts, ‘I will take you, Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, My servant,’ declares the LORD, ‘and I will make you like a signet ring, for I have chosen you,’” declares the LORD of hosts

19 Jeremiah 22:24-25 “As I live,” declares the LORD, “even though Coniah the son of Jehoiakim king of Judah were a signet ring on My right hand, yet I would pull you off; 25 and I shall give you over into the hand of those who are seeking your life, yes, into the hand of those whom you dread, even into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of the Chaldeans.”

20 1:1-15 1 st Sermon 2:1-92:10-192:20-23 2 nd Sermon3 rd SermonClosing words to Zerubbabel I will make you like a signet ring Question: How can your houses be paneled while God’s house lies desolate? Response: People came and worked Question: How does this temple compare with the former temple? Response: Latter glory will be greater than the former Question: Does the unclean produce clean? Response: A cleansing judgment & future blessings

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22 Visions of Restoration

23 Eight Visions Two Burdens Four Horsemen Four Chariots Joshua the High Priest Zerubbabel & the Lampstand Measuring Line: Flee Babylon Horns and Smiths: Judgment Flying Scroll: Judgment Woman and Basket: Shinar A Call for True Justice A Promise of Future Restoration TwoSermons Judgment on Enemies of Israel The Coming of the Lord 1:18 12:1 1:1 2:1 3:1 4:1 5:1 5:5 6:1 7:1 8:1 9:1

24 Amos Artaxerxes I Haggai Temple Completed 516 BC Return under Ezra in the 4th Year of Artaxerxes I 458 BC Return under Nehemiah 444 BC KINGS OF PERSIA Zechariah Darius Hystaspes Xerxes Invasion of Greece Esther Babylon Falls & Jews allowed to return to the Land 539 BC Cyrus Cambyses

25 Zechariah Four horsemen/ chariots (1&6) Revelation Four horsemen (6) Man with a measuring line measures Jerusalem (2:1-2) Man with a rod measures the temple mount (11:1-2) Satan ready to accuse Joshua the high priest (3:1) Satan daily accusing the brethren (12:10)

26 ZechariahRevelation Lampstand and two olive trees represent the two anointed ones (4:1-14) Lampstand and two olive trees said to represent the two witnesses (11:3-12) Flying scroll signifies the curse that is going over the land (5:1-3) Seals of the scroll bring forth judgments upon the land (6:1-17)

27 Eight Visions Two Burdens Four Horsemen Four Chariots Joshua the High Priest Zerubbabel & the Lampstand Measuring Line: Flee Babylon Horns and Smiths: Judgment Flying Scroll: Judgment Woman and Basket: Shinar A Call for True Justice A Promise of Future Restoration TwoSermons Judgment on Enemies of Israel The Coming of the Lord 1:18 12:1 1:1 2:1 3:1 4:1 5:1 5:5 6:1 7:1 8:1 9:1

28 Zechariah 1:1-2 In the eighth month of the second year of Darius, the word of the LORD came to Zechariah the prophet, the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo saying, 2 “The LORD was very angry with your fathers.”

29 Zechariah 1:3-4 Therefore say to them, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, “Return to Me,” declares the LORD of hosts, “that I may return to you,” says the LORD of hosts. 4 Do not be like your fathers, to whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, “Return now from your evil ways and from your evil deeds.”’ But they did not listen or give heed to Me,” declares the LORD.

30 Zechariah 1:8 I saw at night, and behold, a man was riding on a red horse, and he was standing among the myrtle trees which were in the ravine, with red, sorrel, and white horses behind him.

31 Zechariah 1:9 Then I said, “My lord, what are these?” And the angel who was speaking with me said to me, “I will show you what these are.”

32 Zechariah 1:10-11 And the man who was standing among the myrtle trees answered and said, “These are those whom the LORD has sent to patrol the earth.” So they answered the angel of the LORD who was standing among the myrtle trees, and said, “We have patrolled the earth, and behold, all the earth is peaceful and quiet.”

33 –Red –Sorrel –White Zechariah 6Revelation 6Zechariah 1 Four horsemenFour chariotsFour horsemen –Red –White –Black –Dappled –White –Red –Black –Ashen (green) Sent out by God to patrol the earth Four spirits of heaven going out to patrol the earth Called by the four living creatures around the throne

34 Zechariah 1:12 Then the angel of the LORD answered and said, “O LORD of hosts, how long wilt Thou have no compassion for Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, with which Thou hast been indignant these seventy years?”

35 Zechariah 1:14-15 So the angel who was speaking with me said to me, “Proclaim, saying, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, “I am exceedingly jealous for Jerusalem and Zion. 15 But I am very angry with the nations who are at ease; for while I was only a little angry, they furthered the disaster.”’”

36 Zechariah 1:16 Therefore, thus says the LORD, “I will return to Jerusalem with com- passion; My house will be built in it,” declares the LORD of hosts, “and a measuring line will be stretched over Jerusalem.”

37 Zechariah 2:1 Then I lifted up my eyes and looked, and behold, there was a man with a measuring line in his hand.

38 Zechariah 2:2 So I said, “Where are you going?” And he said to me, “To measure Jerusalem, to see how wide it is and how long it is.”

39 Zechariah 2:3-5 And behold, the angel who was speaking with me was going out, and another angel was coming out to meet him, 4 and said to him, “Run, speak to that young man, saying, ‘Jerusalem will be inhabited without walls, because of the multitude of men and cattle within it. 5 For I,’ declares the LORD, ‘will be a wall of fire around her, and I will be the glory in her midst.’”

40 Zechariah 2:10-11 “Sing for joy and be glad, O daughter of Zion; for behold I am coming and I will dwell in your midst,” declares the LORD. 11 “And many nations will join themselves to the LORD in that day and will become My people. Then I will dwell in your midst, and you will know that the LORD of hosts has sent Me to you. ”

41 Zechariah 3:1 Then he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him. !j'F'h Anj.fil.

42 Zechariah 3:2 And the LORD said to Satan, “The LORD rebuke you, Satan! Indeed, the LORD who has chosen Jerusalem rebuke you! Is this not a brand plucked from the fire?”

43 Zechariah 3:3 Now Joshua was clothed with filthy garments and standing before the angel.

44 Zechariah 3:4 And he spoke and said to those who were standing before him saying, “Remove the filthy garments from him.” Again he said to him, “See, I have taken your iniquity away from you and will clothe you with festal robes.”

45 Zechariah 3:8 Now listen, Joshua the high priest, you and your friends who are sitting in front of you-- indeed they are men who are a symbol, for behold, I am going to bring in My servant the Branch.

46 Zechariah 3:9-10 “For behold, the stone that I have set before Joshua; on one stone are seven eyes. Behold, I will engrave an inscription on it,” declares the LORD of hosts, “and I will remove the iniquity of that land in one day. 10 In that day," declares the LORD of hosts, "every one of you will invite his neighbor to sit under his vine and under his fig tree.”

47 Priesthood Inscriptions Exodus 28:36 - You shall also make a plate of pure gold and shall engrave on it, like the engravings of a seal, 'Holy to the LORD.’ Exodus 39:30 - And they made the plate of the holy crown of pure gold, and inscribed it like the engravings of a signet, "Holy to the LORD.”

48 Priesthood Inscriptions Zechariah 14:20 - In that day there will be inscribed on the bells of the horses, "HOLY TO THE LORD." And the cooking pots in the LORD'S house will be like the bowls before the altar.

49 Zechariah 6:9-11 The word of the LORD also came to me saying, 10 “Take an offering from the exiles, from Heldai, Tobijah, and Jedaiah; and you go the same day and enter the house of Josiah the son of Zephaniah, where they have arrived from Babylon. 11 And take silver and gold, make an ornate crown, and set it on the head of Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest.”

50 Zechariah 6:12 Then say to him, “Thus says the LORD of hosts, ‘Behold, a man whose name is Branch, for He will branch out from where He is; and He will build the temple of the LORD.’”

51 Zechariah 6:13 “‘Yes, it is He who will build the temple of the LORD, and He who will bear the honor and sit and rule on His throne. Thus, He will be a priest on His throne, and the counsel of peace will be between the two offices.’”

52 High priestly crown: Nezar. This is an Atarah. Initially fulfilled in Hasmonean rulers Ultimately fulfilled in Jesus

53 Fulfilled in Jesus His name is Branch He will “branch out” (6:12) He will build the Temple (6:13) He will rule (6:13) He will be both priest and king (6:13). Those who are far off will come and build the Temple (6:15)

54 Zechariah 6:15 And those who are far off will come and build the temple of the LORD... Zechariah 1-6Zechariah 7-142-year gap

55 Zechariah 8:1-2 Then the word of the LORD of hosts came saying, 2 “Thus says the LORD of hosts, ‘I am exceedingly jealous for Zion, yes, with great wrath I am jealous for her.’”

56 Zechariah 8:3 Thus says the LORD, “I will return to Zion and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem. Then Jerusalem will be called the City of Truth, and the mountain of the LORD of hosts will be called the Holy Mountain.”

57 Messianic Prophecies The Triumphal Entry: Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout in triumph, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; He is just and endowed with salvation, Humble, and mounted on a donkey, Even on a colt, the foal of a donkey (Zechariah 9:9).

58 Messianic Prophecies Silver and the Potter's House: And I said to them, "If it is good in your sight, give me my wages; but if not, never mind!" So they weighed out thirty shekels of silver as my wages. 13 Then the LORD said to me, "Throw it to the potter, that magnificent price at which I was valued by them." So I took the thirty shekels of silver and threw them to the potter in the house of the LORD (Zechariah 11:12-13).

59 Messianic Prophecies The One who was Pierced: And I will pour out on the house of David and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the Spirit of grace and of supplication, so that they will look on Me whom they have pierced; and they will mourn for Him, as one mourns for an only son, and they will weep bitterly over Him, like the bitter weeping over a first-born (Zechariah 12:10).

60 Messianic Prophecies The Striking of the Shepherd: "Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd, And against the man, My Associate," Declares the LORD of hosts. "Strike the Shepherd that the sheep may be scattered; And I will turn My hand against the little ones." (Zechariah 13:7).

61 Zechariah 14:1-2 Behold, a day is coming for the LORD when the spoil taken from you will be divided among you. 2 For I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem to battle, and the city will be captured, the houses plundered, the women ravished, and half of the city exiled, but the rest of the people will not be cut off from the city.

62 Zechariah 14:3 Then the LORD will go forth and fight against those nations, as when He fights on a day of battle.

63 Zechariah 14:4 And in that day His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, which is in front of Jerusalem on the east; and the Mount of Olives will be split in its middle from east to west by a very large valley, so that half of the mountain will move toward the north and the other half toward the south.

64 Interpretations of Zechariah 14 Historical View: Sees Maccabean Revolt The Church: Symbols point to Jesus, the fall of Jerusalem and the “living waters” that go forth Futurist View: Looks forward to a literal fulfillment

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66 The Final Message

67 Amos Artaxerxes I Haggai Temple Completed 516 BC Return under Ezra in the 4th Year of Artaxerxes I 458 BC Return under Nehemiah 444 BC Nehemiah returns to Persia for a time 432 BC KINGS OF PERSIA Zechariah Darius Hystaspes Xerxes Invasion of Greece Esther Darius II Peloponnesian Wars Malachi?

68 Malachi 1:2-3 “I have loved you,” says the LORD. But you say, “How hast Thou loved us?” “Was not Esau Jacob’s brother?” declares the LORD. “Yet I have loved Jacob; 3 but I have hated Esau, and I have made his mountains a desolation, and appointed his inheritance for the jackals of the wilderness.”

69 1:1 God: “I have loved you.” People: “How have you loved us?” God has blessed Israel above other nations 1:6 God: “If I am a father, where is my honor?” People: “How have we despised your name?” People have not offered their best to God 2:10 People: “If we are brothers, why do we deal treacherously with one another?” People have defrauded in the area of divorce

70 Malachi 2:16 “For I hate divorce,” says the LORD, the God of Israel, “and him who covers his garment with wrong,” says the LORD of hosts. “So take heed to your spirit, that you do not deal treacherously.”

71 Ezra 10:3 “So now let us make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives and their children, according to the counsel of my lord and of those who tremble at the commandment of our God; and let it be done according to the law.” “So now let us make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives and their children, according to the counsel of my lord and of those who tremble at the commandment of our God; and let it be done according to the law.”

72 Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahzeiah the son of Tikvah opposed this, with Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite supporting them. (Ezra 10:15). Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahzeiah the son of Tikvah opposed this, with Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite supporting them. (Ezra 10:15).

73 2:17 God: “You have wearied the Lord with your words.” People: “How have we wearied Him?” People have asked for justice, but have not acted justly. 3:1 God’s promised coming messenger

74 Malachi 3:1 “Behold, I am going to send My messenger, and he will clear the way before Me. And the Lord, whom you seek, will suddenly come to His temple; and the messenger of the covenant, in whom you delight, behold, He is coming,” says the LORD of hosts.

75 3:13 God: “Your words have been arrogant against Me.” People: “What have we spoken against You?” They have taken the attitude it is vain to serve the Lord. 3:16 Promise of coming judgment and restoration 3:6 God: “Return to Me and I will return to you.” People: “How shall we return?” Bring the whole tithe into the storehouse

76 Malachi 4:2 But for you who fear My name the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its wings; and you will go forth and skip about like calves from the stall.

77 In His Wings... 1 Samuel 24:4. David arose and cut off the edge of Saul's robe secretly Deuteronomy 22:12. "You shall make yourself tassels on the four corners of your garment... Deuteronomy 22:30. “A man shall not take his father's wife so that he shall not uncover his father's skirt.”

78 In His Wings... Ruth 3:9. And she answered, “I am Ruth your maid. So spread your covering over your maid, for you are a close relative.”

79 Malachi 4:2 But for you who fear My name the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its wings; and you will go forth and skip about like calves from the stall.

80 Malachi 4:3 “And you will tread down the wicked, for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet on the day which I am preparing,” says the LORD of hosts.

81 Malachi 4:5-6 Behold, I am going to send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and terrible day of the LORD. 6 And he will restore the hearts of the fathers to their children, and the hearts of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite the land with a curse.

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