3. FEDERALISM PRINCIPLES AND POWERS

4. CBT: FALL – GOVERNMENT REDEMPTION – LOVE ALL AUTHORITY IS ESTABLISHED BY GOD AND THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IS INSTITUTED BY HIM TO SUPPRESS EVIL AND PROMOTE PEACE GOD’S ABSOLUTE LAW GIVE SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS ON HOW TO LOVE GOD AND OTHERS

5. PRINCIPLES OF FEDERALSIM

6. FEDERALISM

7. SEPARATION OF POWERS Division of powers between the various branches of government Stops power from being concentrated in one branch The Supreme Court on Separation of Powers: YOUNGSTOWN SHEET & TUBE CO. ET AL. v. SAWYER (1952) Executive encroachment INS v. Chadha (1983) Legislative encroachment Mistretta v. US (1989) Judicial encroachment

8. CHECKS AND BALANCES A system of constitutional government which guards against absolute power by providing for separate executive, judicial, and legislative bodies who share powers and thereby check and balance one another The Supreme Court chimes in: US v. Nixon (1974) Judicial check on Executive

9. JUDICIAL REVIEW JUDICIAL REVIEW IS THE IDEA, FUNDAMENTAL TO THE US SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT, THAT THE ACTIONS OF THE EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT ARE SUBJECT TO REVIEW AND POSSIBLE INVALIDATION BY THE JUDICIAL BRANCH. JUDICIAL REVIEW ALLOWS THE SUPREME COURT TO TAKE AN ACTIVE ROLE IN ENSURING THAT THE OTHER BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT ABIDE BY THE CONSTITUTION. JUDICIAL REVIEW WAS ESTABLISHED IN THE CLASSIC CASE OF MARBURY V. MADISON, 5 US 137 (1803). MARBURY V. MADISON MARBURY V. MADISON (1803)

10. LIMITED GOVERNMENT LIMITED GOVERNMENT IS A PRECEPT OF CONSTITUTIONALISM. IT STATES THAT A GOVERNMENT'S POWER OVER ITS CITIZENS HAS LIMITATIONS. THE GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY IS PRESCRIBED, RESTRICTED, AND LIMITED BY LAW OR BY THE CONSTITUTION. AN INDIVIDUAL’S RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES ARE PROTECTED AGAINST GOVERNMENTAL POWER EVEN IF THAT POWER IS EXERCISED IN THE NAME OF A MAJORITY OF PEOPLE. IN A LIMITED GOVERNMENT, THERE EXIST MINIMAL GOVERNMENTAL INTERVENTION IN PERSONAL LIBERTIES AND THE ECONOMY. And the Supreme Court Says…. Schenck v. US (1917) US v. Jones (2012) Schechter Poultry Corp. v. US (1933)

11. POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY THE PEOPLE ARE THE ULTIMATE SOURCE OF THE AUTHORITY OF THEIR GOVERNMENT. BY THE PEOPLE AND FOR THE PEOPLE PUBLIC OFFICERS SERVE THE PEOPLE, NOT THEMSELVES. POLITICAL AUTHORITY FLOWS FROM THE PEOPLE TO THE GOVERNMENT— NOT FROM GOVERNMENT TO THE PEOPLE. CAN ONLY EXERCISE AUTHORITY IT HAS BEEN GIVEN BY THE PEOPLE LEGITIMATE POWER COMES FROM THE CONSENT OF THE PEOPLE. THE PEOPLE HAVE THE RIGHT TO CHANGE THE GOVERNMENT BY LAWFUL, CONSTITUTIONAL METHODS IF IT DOES NOT PERFORM TO THEIR SATISFACTION. AND THE SUPREME COURT SAYS… CHISHOLM V. GEORGIA (1793)

12. REPUBLICANISM A STATE IN WHICH THE SUPREME POWER RESTS IN THE BODY OF CITIZENS ENTITLED TO VOTE AND IS EXERCISED BY REPRESENTATIVES CHOSEN DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY THEM. THE PEOPLE GIVE POWER TO LEADERS THEY ELECT TO REPRESENT THEM AND SERVE THEIR INTERESTS. THE REPRESENTATIVES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR HELPING ALL THE PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY, NOT JUST A FEW PEOPLE. SUPPORTS THE COMMON WELFARE WHERE LAWS HELP EVERYONE INSTEAD OF ONE PERSON OR A FAVORED FEW AND THE SUPREME COURT SAYS… BAKER V. CARR (1962)