1. Homework Describe, in detail, the government policies which have helped the poorest people in Brazil. (8)

2. What am I learning today? The Inequalities that exist in Health. Responses to inequalities by government and other organisations

3. Areas of Inequalities Food Dental Care AIDS Access to medical care

4. Poor people have to rely on public health services where there is a lack of doctors, medical services,long queues etc. Inequalities in health – higher infant mortality rates in Northeast compared to South. Life expectancy is 65.5 in Northeast compared to 70.8 in South − linked to poverty and lack of good public services. Many cannot afford private health care which is usually better quality. Poor and non-white suffer more health problems linked to crowded living conditions, inadequate sanitation and water supply. In the Favelas – higher rates of TB, diarrhoea, dysentery, also higher rates of drug and alcohol misuse. Higher rates of disease among indigenous population – higher rates of malaria, TB and other vaccine preventable disease. OVERVIEW of Health Problems

5. Fome Zero (Zero Hunger) 46 million people go to bed hungry every night. President Lula started the Fome Zero programme to solve this problem. He said: –“If, by the end of my term, all Brazilians are able to eat breakfast, lunch and dinner, I will have fulfilled my life’s mission”. It aims to cut the number of people living in poverty in half by 2015 (only 3 years left!). However, the budget has been cut down to a third of its original amount.

6. Fome Zero (Zero Hunger) 2 other components of the programme Zero Sede (Zero Thirst) Luz para Todos (Light for All) –Tries to provide clean water and electricity for all. Many have not received money- budget cut to pay off national debt. Corruption means vouchers replaced by cash and they have to prove they have spent the money on food.

7. Launched on 17 th March 2005. Problem: –Dental care is so bad because people do not have basic dental hygiene instruments. 45% do not own a toothbrush. Solution: –Give dental care kits (toothbrushes and toothpaste) to 500,000 school students. Brazil Smile Programme

8. Combating HIV / AIDS The number of charities and voluntary organisations helping, grew between 1992 and the year 2000. –From 120 500. Government provides free anti-retroviral drugs for the treatment of HIV. Drug users regularly provided with needles so that they are not sharing. Test pregnant women for AIDS.

9. Community Pharmacy Programme In 2005, 7 new pharmacies were opened. They offer a wide range of products including 89 products used to treat the most common illnesses in Brazil. Now has 38 pharmacies in 15 Brazilian cities. They were aiming for 100 but this target has not yet been achieved.

10. Activities Complete the activities on p.67. Read the case study on p.68.. Note the following: What happened in March 2005 Why the military were asked to intervene.

11. Describe, in detail, two health problems faced by Brazil (4)