1. Metals
Other Useful
Minerals
Gemstones
Uses of Minerals
Ch 3.3 Pages 62-66
Mineral Resources
Ores
Prospecting
Smelting
Mining

2. Gemstones Valued: Used for: Rare Color Durability Glassy Luster
Jewelry
Decoration
Mechanical Parts
Grinding and Polishing

3. Metals Useful for: Stretched into wire Flattened into sheets
Hammered or molded without breaking.
Metal Tools and Machinery
Metal filament in light bulb.
Steel girders used to frame buildings.
Sources
1. Aluminum
2. Iron
3. Copper
4. Silver

4. Other Useful Minerals Foods Fertilizers Medicines Building materials
Talcum powder.
Fluorite- used in making aluminum and steel
Quartz- Making Glass, electronic equipment, and watches
Kaolin- Make fine china and pottery.
Gypsum- make wall board, cement and stucco
Corundum- used in polishing and cleaning products.

5. Ores A mineral that contains a metal or economically useful mineral.
Chalcopyrite
Copper
Hematite and Magnetite
Iron
Bauxite
Aluminum
Galena
Lead

6. Prospecting Searching for an ore deposit: Looking for:
Certain features on Earth’s surface.
Observe the rocks on Earth’s surface.
Examine plants in an area
Test stream water for the presence of certain chemicals.

7. Mining
Geologists map an ore deposit, help miners decide how to mine. 3 Types.
1. Strip Mine
Earth moving equipment scrapes away soil to expose ore.
2. Open Pit Mines- use giant earthmoving equipment to dig a huge pit.
3. Shaft Mines- network of tunnels that extend deep into the ground following the veins of ores.

8. Mining (Environmental Issues)
Leaves scars on the land.
Reclamation
Waste materials
Dangerous
Pollution 8

9. Smelting
An ore is melted to separate the useful metal from other elements the ore contains.
1. Iron ore crushed mixed with limestone and baked with coal
Mixtuer put blast furnace.
As it burns, chemical reaction causes CO2 gas and molten iron.
Iron sinks to bottom of the furnace, impurities left called slag.
Slag and molten iron are poured off through taps in the blast furnace.

10. Alloy
A solid mixture of 2 or more metals.
Steel bronze