1. Immunology

2. Announcements *There will be no lab session next week *Two weeks from today, there will be AIDS debate -three groups -work together to come up with strong argument that validate your point of view -20 points -quiz ( instead of today) *the home work for today lab. will be posted late tonight

3. The Immune system * System responsible to defend our body * Very similar in structure and function across mammals. * A “Pathogen” is basically another organism that parasites on a mammal host. Usually; virus, bacteria, protozoa or helminthes. * When your body is able to defend against certain pathogen, it is said you are immune to that pathogen

4. The Immune system * The immune system is made up of tissues and organs (thymus, Bone marrow, Lymph nodes, etc..) and each type of these tissues is composed of different cells that have different roles in immunity (neutrophils, basophils, Macrophages, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes etc.) * There are two wings of immune response, cellular and humoral. * Cellular immune response is the major actor in viral infections, tumor immunology and intracellular infection in general.

5. The Immune system * Two types of immunity, 1-innate or non specific -intact skin and low pH of the skin -acidity of stomach -tears from the eye -sneezing and coughing -complement components -neutrophils -NK (certain types of Lymphocytes) -inflammation -etc…

6. The Immune system 2-adaptive or specific a-humoral -antibodies -antibody producing cells (differentiated B-cells) b-cellular -Cytotoxic T cells * necessitate previous exposure(infection or vaccine) to develop * Some times long lasting or need boosting

7. The Immune system * Any defect (genetic or infectious) that cause the immune system to mal-function will be expressed either as immunodeficiency or autoimmunity

8. Topics for debate 1)HIV medications for poor countries?! 2)How this epidemic started, -naturally existing virus -genetically engineered virus 3) Needle exchange program