1. Why in the $#%* do we have to do all this writing in our fishes course? Get lots of instruction on writing…not as much on scientific writing, what is the difference? Importance of being able to express your thoughts, regardless of what career you choose Research techniques are universal If you go on in science, it is the only currency that matters?.......what do I mean by that?

2. Peer Review…? Criticism is important…”constructive criticism” is best! Two types: Internal and External. Point of internal review is to make external review go well When you are reviewing someone else’s work think how you would want to be reviewed…..You want to do the best job you can…but you don’t want to be yelled at to do it! You are going to do this for each other

3. The paper process… Observation or idea –It looks like every time we catch white suckers, we are sampling in a deeper portion of the stream…? –I wonder if the biomass of non-trout species is related to the biomass of trout species? Develop Hypothesis –It looks like every time we catch white suckers, we are sampling in a deeper portion of the stream…? –I wonder if the biomass of non-trout species is related to the biomass of trout species? Hit the literature –What does everyone else have to say about this

4. Where do you find information… 1.Web, Google and Google Scholar 2.Online Databases 1.Biological Abstracts 2.ISI Web of Science

5. Hypothesis Testing An educated guess or prediction about an experiment, behavior, outcome, relationship etc. Statistical Terms The null hypothesis (H 0 ) fish growth 1 = fish growth 2 The alternative hypothesis (H 1 ) fish growth 1  fish growth 2

6. Order of a scientific paper (on paper) 1.Title 2.Abstract 3.Introduction 4.Methods – study site, data analyses 5.Results – graphs, tables analyses 6.Discussion 7.Literature Cited

7. Order you write a scientific paper 1.Observe or Read primary literature 2.Results – start with a picture, tell your story 3.Discussion – what’s cool about your story, also relative to what other people found 4.Methods – what did you do to get your results 5.Introduction – background on what you found 6.Abstract – just the highlights 7.Title – make it work for your story 8.Literature Cited

8. How to do the first step..... 1.Observe or Read primary literature Use your fish from class 1. Web, Google and Google Scholar 2. Online Databases Biological Abstracts ISI Web of Science