1. Geology 101 David Brown

2. James Hutton (1726-1797 CE) Scottish geologist Scottish geologist Developed the laws of geology Developed the laws of geology Considered the Father of Modern Geology Considered the Father of Modern Geology

3. Uniformitarianism “the present is the key to the past". “the present is the key to the past". The processes (plate tectonics, mountain building, erosion) we see today are believed to have been occurring since the Earth was formed. http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80063.htm The processes (plate tectonics, mountain building, erosion) we see today are believed to have been occurring since the Earth was formed. http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80063.htm http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80063.htm

4. Uniformitarianism and Catastrophism Chapter 6 Section 1 Earth’s Story and Those Who First Listened Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

5. Law of Original Horizontality Sedimentary rocks are laid down in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers. Sedimentary rocks are laid down in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers.

6. Law of Superposition In an undisturbed rock sequence, the bottom layer of rock is older than the layer above it. In an undisturbed rock sequence, the bottom layer of rock is older than the layer above it. http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80065.htm http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80065.htm http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80065.htm

7. Cross Cutting Relationships The thing doing the cutting is younger than the rock being cut. The thing doing the cutting is younger than the rock being cut.

8. Inclusions The included rock is older than the rock around it. The included rock is older than the rock around it.

9. Law of Faunal Succession Fossils occur in a definite, invariable sequence in the geologic record. Fossils occur in a definite, invariable sequence in the geologic record. Index fossils help determine age of rock. Index fossils help determine age of rock.

10. Unconformity Gaps in the rock record caused by weathering, erosion, and volcanic action. Gaps in the rock record caused by weathering, erosion, and volcanic action.

12. Unconformities Chapter 6 Section 2 Relative Dating: Which Came First? Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

13. Correlation The matching of rock outcrops of one region to those of another region. The matching of rock outcrops of one region to those of another region. Geologists use fossils, unique rocks, or mineral features to match the layers. Geologists use fossils, unique rocks, or mineral features to match the layers. http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80066.htm http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80066.htm http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80066.htm

15. Geologic Column Chapter 6 Section 2 Relative Dating: Which Came First? Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept