1. Lecturer of Gerontological Nursing Dr. Soad H. Abd El Hamid El Tantawy

2. The 21th century has been characterized by a marked increase in the numbers and proportion of aged people all over the world The 21th century has been characterized by a marked increase in the numbers and proportion of aged people all over the world And the increase will be 300% by the year 2025 in the developing countries (80%) of the total population

3. Demographic data for Egypt % of older population Total population (million)years 6.0261960 5.948.31986 6.564.22001 7.2702006 8.981.32016 10.9932026

4. Causes of increase in number of elderly (population transition) 1- Decrease in mortality rate resulting in increase life expectancy. 2- Decrease fertility rate. 3- Advanced in medical knowledge and technology. 4- Increases health awareness and well life style, including attention to exercise, nutrition and avoidance of tobacco. 5- Medical practice directed toward preventive health care.

5. Effects of demographic changes on the family Presence of many older in the family. Presence of many older in the family. Those older have more chronic diseases which need special care and assistance. Those older have more chronic diseases which need special care and assistance. Increase the numbers of widows who are mostly unprepared to provide for their own needs or who may need assistance. Increase the numbers of widows who are mostly unprepared to provide for their own needs or who may need assistance. The family roles Change. The family roles Change.

6. Factors affecting aging Genetic endowment (hereditary factor). Genetic endowment (hereditary factor). Environmental influences. Environmental influences. Lifestyle Lifestyle Effect of disease process. Effect of disease process.

7. National policy for older people Objectives : to provide 1. Financial security 2. Health care 3. Nutrition 4. Shelter 5. Welfare 6. Protection of life and property of older citizens