1. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Statistical Division Poverty measurement in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) Gady Saiovici Seminar on Poverty Measurement - May 2015

2. Slide 2 Introduction  Previous presentation: questionnaire on poverty measurement sent to NSOs  11/13 countries from EECCA responded (ARM, AZE, BLR, GEO, KAZ, KGZ, MDA, MNG, RUS, UKR, UZB)

3. Slide 3 Stock-taking CountryAbsoluteRelative Multi- dimensional Subjective ArmeniaXX AzerbaijanX BelarusXXX GeorgiaX KazakhstanXX KyrgyzstanX MoldovaXXXX MongoliaX Russian Fed.XX UkraineXXXX UzbekistanX Total10534

4. Slide 4 Absolute Poverty BLR Income KAZ RUS UKR ARM Consumption AZE KGZ MDA MNG UZB Poverty Indicator

5. Slide 5 Absolute Poverty MDA Yes RUS UKR UZB ARM No AZE BLR KAZ KGZ MNG Possibility of measuring persistent poverty

6. Slide 6 Absolute Poverty ARM Yes KAZ MDA UKR AZE No BLR KGZ MNG RUS UZB Use of equivalence scale

7. Slide 7 Absolute Poverty  In 9 out of 10 cases, demographic and geographic breakdowns are available  Peridiocity is usually annual (BLR, KAZ and UKR have more frequent data; MNG every two years)

8. Slide 8 Relative Poverty BLR Income MDA RUS Expenditure GEO UKR Poverty Indicator

9. Slide 9 Relative Poverty MDA Yes UKR BLR No KAZ KGZ Possibility of measuring persistent poverty

10. Slide 10 Relative Poverty  All countries with available data use equivalence scales  Available breakdowns: BLR: Geographic GEO, MDA, UKR: Geographic and demographic RUS: Demographic

11. Slide 11 Multidimensional poverty  Only calculated in Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine Armenia to introduce it using 2013 ILCS data  Survey data Belarus: Material deprivation rate Ukraine: Deprivation poverty and Poverty by relative monetary criteria (<75% median expenditure) + 4 deprivations  Administrative data Moldova: Small Area Deprivation Index  Regional index using multiple deprivations in rural regions

12. Slide 12 Subjective poverty  Armenia, Kazakhstan, Moldova and Ukraine measure it ARM: subjective opinion (scale from 1=poor to 6=rich) KAZ: subjective assessment of living standards (self- attribution to a social group) MDA: linear regression to establish a poverty line based on minimum perceived needs of households UKR: households referring to themselves as poor according to their welfare