1. INTRODUCTION TO ORTHODONTICS
Dr. Zuber Ahamed Naqvi

2. OBJECTIVES Definition Unfavorable sequelae of malocclusion
Aims of orthodontic treatment
Scope of orthodontic treatment
Orthodontic services
History

3. Definition 1992- British society for the study of orthodontics
“Orthodontics includes the study of the growth and development of the jaws and face particularly, and the body generally as influencing the position of the teeth; the study of action and reaction of internal and external influences on the development and the prevention and correction of arrested and perverted development”.

4. Unfavorable sequelae of malocclusion
Poor facial appearance
Caries risk
Predisposition to periodontal disease

5. Unfavorable sequelae of malocclusion
Psychological disturbances
Risk of trauma
Abnormalities of function
TMJ

6. Aims of orthodontic treatment
Jackson’s triad
Functional efficiency
Structural balance
Esthetic harmony

7. SCOPE Alteration in tooth position Alteration in skeletal pattern
Alteration of soft tissue pattern

8. Alteration in tooth position

9. Alteration in skeletal pattern

10. Alteration of soft tissue pattern

11. Orthodontic services Preventive orthodontics Interceptive orthodontics
Corrective orthodontics
Surgical orthodontics

12. Surgical orthodontics

13. HISTORY Pierre Fauchard- founder of modern dentistry
First orthodontic appliance- Bandelette- to expand the dental arch.
Norman Kingsley- first to use extra oral force to correct protruding teeth.

14. Edward H. Angle Father of modern orthodontics
Orthodontics separated
from other branches of
dentistry.
Classification of malocclusion
Pin and tube appliance
Ribbon arch appliance
Edgewise appliance
School of orthodontics at St. Louis, New London, Connecticut

15. Holly Broadband and Hofrath- cephalometric radiography.
Raymond Begg- Begg’s appliance / light wire technique.
Lawrence Andrews- Straight Wire Appliance

16. References Contemporary orthodontics. 4th edition. William R Proffit
Orthodontics : the art and science. 4th edition. S I Bhalaji
Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. James A McNamara, William L Burdon