1. American Democracy Now 2/e
Chapter 3: Federalism
American Democracy Now 2/e

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Federalism
An Overview of the U.S. Federal System
Unitary System
Confederal System
Federal System
Intergovernmental Relations (IGR)
What a Federal System Means for Citizens
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Federalism
Where Do You Stand?
How satisfied are you with the state of education in the United States today?
a. Satisfied
b. Not satisfied
Source: “Slim Majority Dissatisfied with Education in the U.S.,” ed-Education-US.aspx.
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Federalism
Where Do You Stand?
Do you support or oppose a return to the military draft in the United States today?
a. Support the draft
b. Oppose the draft
Source: “Vast Majority of Americans Opposed to Reinstating Draft,”
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Federalism
Constitutional Distribution of Authority
Concurrent Sovereign Authority
National Sovereignty
The Supremacy Clause
National Treaties with Indian Nations
State Sovereignty
Powers Delegated to the States
Powers Reserved to the States
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Federalism
Constitutional Distribution of Authority
The Supreme Court’s Interpretation of National versus State Sovereignty
The Power to Regulate Commerce
The Power to Provide for the General Welfare
National Obligations to the States
State-to-State Obligations: Horizontal Federalism
The New Judicial Federalism
(continued)
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Federalism
Evolution of the Federal System
Dual Federalism
Cooperative Federalism
Centralized Federalism
Conflicted Federalism
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Federalism
Where Do You Stand?
Are you for or against the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes?
a. For legalization
b. Against legalization
Source: “Americans Support Legalization of Marijuana for Medicinal Use,”
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Federalism
Evolution of the Federal System
Landmarks in the Evolution of Federalism: Key Constitutional Amendments
The Civil War and the Postwar Amendments
The Sixteenth Amendment
The Seventeenth Amendment
(continued)
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Federalism
Evolution of the Federal System
Further Evolutionary Landmarks: Grants-in-Aid
Categorical Grants
Block Grants
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
State Attempts to Influence Grant-in-Aid Conditions
Federalism’s Continuing Evolution: Mandates
(continued)
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Federalism
Today’s Federalism: Intergovernmental Relations
Fiscal federalism
Federal grants and domestic public policy
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