1. 1 Hadronic calorimeter simulation S.Itoh, T.Takeshita ( Shinshu Univ.) GLC calorimeter group Contents - Comparison between Scintillator and Gas - Digital and Analog Hadronic calorimeter

2. 2 Introduction Our plan of Hadronic calorimeter(HCAL) is a Lead/Scintillator sampling type. We study the HCAL by GEANT4 simulation. Hadronic model is GEISHA based. Lead : 8mm Scintillator : 2mm

3. 3 Test Detector A scintillator cell 1cm x 1cm x 2mm 1 m 100 Layers 1 cm Total number of cells 1,000,000 Z X Y

4. 4 Test of PFA Set up for Multi particles Iron Block 50cm 10cm Multi particle event to simulated jet is generated. pi- 100GeV

5. 5 Multi particle event Iron Block pi – 100GeV Hit cell energy ( >0.1mips ) in the HCAL There are hit cells apart from the track. We try to study these cells.

6. 6 Simulation for Gas You can see the track clearer in Gas than in Scintillator. Iron Block pi – 100GeV Hit cell energy ( >0.1mips )

7. 7 Purpose of this study Scintillator is our choice for the HCAL. We study The hits apart from the track in the scintillator and The difference in the measurement of the scintillator and the gas.

8. 8 A single pion z position ( cm ) Hit time ( ns ) pi- 4GeV The green cells are neutron hits. (by G4Track Information) E(neutron) = 50MeV Z The hits are due to neutron scattering.

9. 9 The effect of neutrons ScintillatorGas(Xenon)neutron 50MeV The box size: 1m x 1m x 1m Neutrons incident at random positions to the pure scintillator and the gas.

10. 10 Time cut parameter z position ( cm ) Hit time ( ns ) The neutron hit time is slower than other hits. We study from the view point of the hit cell time. 2ns 5ns 10ns no time cut

11. 11 Number of hit cells (Time Cut Dependence) 4GeV pion Time cut ( ns ) Nhit Nhit distribution Hit cell energy > 0.1mip 5 It stands for no time cut.

12. 12 Hit time distribution The hit time distribution for the scintillator is similar to that of the gas after the time cut(5ns). Lead/Sci Lead/Gas Hit time ( ns )

13. 13 Shower radius To see the effect of the time cut parameter to the hits, we define Shower radius as the mean of the distribution of r(i). where r(i) = for Cell position ( x(i), y(i), z(i) ) 1m r(i) Z

14. 14 Shower radius (Time Cut Dependence) r(i) distribution Time cut ( ns ) Shower radius ( cm ) 4GeV pion Two SR approach as the time cut is small. (Hit cell energy > 0.1mip)

15. 15 Energy resolution - analog (Time Cut Dependence) The total energy Time cut ( ns ) Energy Resolution 4GeV pion It is independent of the time cut. (Hit cell energy > 0.1mip)

16. 16 Cell energy v.s. r(i) ( @Time cut 5ns ) Lead/SciLead/Gas Fluctuation of cell energy is large in the gas. r(i) ( cm ) Cell energy ( mip ) (Hit cell energy > 0.1mip)

17. 17 Summary of analog HCAL (For 4GeV pion) We can cut the neutron hit cells in the scintillator by the time cut parameter. In using the time cut parameter( 5ns ) Shower radius Scintillator : 4.2 cm Gas : 3.8 cm Energy resolution Scintillator : 0.27 Gas : 0.31

18. 18 Digital calorimeter We have 1,000,000 cells in the HCAL.  We can try to digital readout. The measurement of the Digital HCAL only count the number of hit cells (Nhit).  It is independent of cell energy.

19. 19 Linearity for pion ( 1, 2, 4, 16, 32 GeV ) pion Incident energy (GeV) Data by J.Yamada We can use the digital readout for the HCAL. Nhit for digital Mip for analog

20. 20 Resolution of Digital and Analog Resolution Digital 0.62 Analog 0.63 (incident,GeV)

21. 21 Nhit distribution (With the time cut parameter : 5ns) Lead/SciLead/Gas Nhit (Hit cell energy > 0.1mip)

22. 22 Nhit Resolution - digital (Time Cut Dependence) Nhit Resolution Time cut ( ns ) 4GeV pion Nhit distribution (Hit cell energy > 0.1mip)

23. 23 Summary of Digital HCAL The ability of Digital HCAL is similar to that of Analog HCAL for pions. In using the time cut parameter( 5ns ) Nhit resolution (for 4GeV pion) Scintillator : 0.28 Gas : 0.32

24. 24 Summary We can control the neutron events in the scintillator by the time cut parameter. In using the time cut parameter Resolution(analog/digital) of the scintillator is similar to that of the gas. Shower radius of the scintillator is similar to that of the gas.

25. 25 Outlooks Time cut Thank you very much. The time cut parameter may help for the clustering in PFA.