1. Chap. 5

2. treaty Land grants, protected

3. Californios Gold Rush 1849 $$$ ▫Cattle, etc.

4. PROBLEMS 1851: Gwin Act Avg.: 17 yrs. Costs?

5. SQUATTERS Barred owners Power?

6. Drought 1860s Economic -

7. “Foreigners” ++ Anglos - political power Santa Barbara

8. CONFLICT North vs. South “States” Rights Bottom line?

10. CA Slaves in CA Free Blacks ▫1860: 4k, largest west Bridget Mason

11. Abolitionists Laws ▫No voting ▫Intermarriage ▫Testify court

12. WAR Majority loyal Volunteers ▫Latinos

13. Promote Union $$$

17. TRANSCONTINENTAL Central+Union

18. Idea man: T. Judah

19. Chinese workers Sierra Nevada “Chinaman’s Chance”

20. UNION PACIFIC Irish, Mormon workers

22. Promontory, Utah, 1869

24. SOUTHERN PACIFIC Largest land owner

25. ETHNICITY, RACE Intriguing, fluid Californios

26. L.A. Sherriff Tomás Sánchez, Californio

27. Mayor (1850) Ygnacio del Valle.

28. Reginaldo del Valle

29. Post-rush “Colored” Hostile, violent

30. LAWS $$$ Mexicans, Chinese 1870: segregated schools

31. CHINESE Gum Saan Passage: Credit-ticket People v. Hall (1854) ▫Legally “Indians”

32. COMMUNITIES Stores, restaurants Tongs ▫1852: Kwang-tek-tong Leisure

33. EXCLUSION 1882: Chinese

34. DEPRESSION 1892-1897 Anti-Chinese riots

35. JAPANESE 1885 Agriculture Discrim.

38. Removal

39. TREATY Cede claims, hostilities “Reservation” ▫Supplies, cattle ▫7.5% CA lands

40. EXTERMINATION Fear Racial

41. 1845: 150K 1900: 16K ???