1. Experimental design – how Ps are allocated to each condition of the IV Repeated measures Independent measures Matched participants

2. Independent Measures Recruit a group of participants Divide them into two This group does the experimental task with the IV set for condition 1 This group does the experimental task with the IV set for condition 2 Measure the DV for each group Compare the results for the two groups

3. Repeated Measures Recruit a group of participants Condition 1Condition 2 The group does the experimental task with the IV set for condition 1 The group repeats the experimental task with the IV set for condition 2 Compare the results for the two conditions

4. Matched Participants Recruit a group of participants Find out what sorts of people you have in the group Recruit another group that matches them one for one Condition 1Condition 2 Compare the results for the matched pairs Treat the experiment as independent measures

5. Independent Measures Advantages No order effects Fewer demand characteristics Same materials can be used with each condition Disadvantages Participant variables – extraneous variable? More participants required

6. Repeated Measures Advantages Participant variables are controlled Fewer participants required Disadvantages Order effects (practice, boredom) Demand characteristics Different materials must be used in each condition

7. Matched Participants Advantages Participant variables are controlled No order effects Fewer demand characteristics Same materials can be used Disadvantages Perfect matching is not possible Time consuming to match Ps More participants needed

8. Match the key term to the definition Key term Participant VariablesParticipant Variables Order effectsOrder effects CounterbalancingCounterbalancing Definition An EV that occurs in a repeated measured design – Ps either get bored or get better through practice so performance changes An experimental technique used to overcome order effects – half Ps are tested in one condition first and half the other first, e.g. ABBA A type of EV in which any characteristic of individual participants may affect results (in independent measures design)