1. Ocean Currents and Climate Ch.14.2 Objectives. Copy down on Notes sheet in blue tub. Explain how currents affect climate. Explain how currents affect climate. Illustrate an upwelling and when it happens. Illustrate an upwelling and when it happens. Describe the Effects of El Nino and La Nina. Describe the Effects of El Nino and La Nina.

2. Something to Ponder: Scilly Isles, England are located on the same latitude as NewFoundland, Canada. Scilly has warm temps all year long while NF Canada has long winters and permafrost. Why do they have different climates? Scilly Isles, England are located on the same latitude as NewFoundland, Canada. Scilly has warm temps all year long while NF Canada has long winters and permafrost. Why do they have different climates?

3. Surface Currents and Climate Surface Currents: affects the climate in many parts of the world. affects the climate in many parts of the world. warms or cools coastal areas year- round. warms or cools coastal areas year- round..Examples? Gulf Stream, does it dump buckets of warm water? Why is England warm?

4. Currents and Temperature

5. What if 2 different currents collide? Do an experiment to see what will happen when 2 currents moving in opposite directions collide. We know the Peru current travels counterclockwise because ____________. It also brings cold water to the equator because ___________. What happens when the clockwise current of California meets up with the Peru Current at the equator - if they are flowing opposite directions?

6. Procedure: Add 5 drops of red food coloring to one end of the tub. Add 5 drops of red food coloring to one end of the tub. Add 5 drops of blue or green to the other end of the tub. Using a stick, have 2 other group members stir the water in opposite directions to create currents. This lasts for 5 seconds! Watch closely and quickly! Add 5 drops of blue or green to the other end of the tub. Using a stick, have 2 other group members stir the water in opposite directions to create currents. This lasts for 5 seconds! Watch closely and quickly! Draw what you see happening in your IAN. Draw what you see happening in your IAN.

7. Now Discuss and write your thoughts down: 1) How did the blue water and the red water interact? 1) How did the blue water and the red water interact? 2) How does this activity relate to how ocean currents interact? 2) How does this activity relate to how ocean currents interact? Currents circulate in the N and S hemispheres. When they cross at the equator, they join the other current and eventually circulate in the new direction. Currents circulate in the N and S hemispheres. When they cross at the equator, they join the other current and eventually circulate in the new direction.

8. Currents and Temperature

9. Surface currents on shore: UPWELLING Cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean rises to the surface, replacing warm surface water. Cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean rises to the surface, replacing warm surface water. Caused by wind Caused by wind blowing along the shoreline. Happens along the NW Happens along the NW coast of S.A. Extremely important Extremely important for organisms for organisms http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student /flash/visual_concepts/80223.htm http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student /flash/visual_concepts/80223.htm

10. What if Upwelling does not Occur? El Niño Every 2-12 years. Every 2-12 years. Winds blow Less warm water to Western Pacific Ocean Winds blow Less warm water to Western Pacific Ocean Surface Water temps rise along South America Surface Water temps rise along South America Lasts a year or longer Lasts a year or longer Results: flooding rains in the southern US & Peru, droughts in Indonesia & Australia, Increase surface temps of coral reefs Results: flooding rains in the southern US & Peru, droughts in Indonesia & Australia, Increase surface temps of coral reefs

11. La Niña Cold surface water currents in Eastern Pacific Cold surface water currents in Eastern Pacific affects weather patterns as well. affects weather patterns as well. https://app.discoveryeducation.com/lea rn/videos/E8F57D32-A8AE-4869- A3CC- 79708CEE220B?hasLocalHost=false https://app.discoveryeducation.com/lea rn/videos/E8F57D32-A8AE-4869- A3CC- 79708CEE220B?hasLocalHost=false https://app.discoveryeducation.com/lea rn/videos/E8F57D32-A8AE-4869- A3CC- 79708CEE220B?hasLocalHost=false https://app.discoveryeducation.com/lea rn/videos/E8F57D32-A8AE-4869- A3CC- 79708CEE220B?hasLocalHost=false

12. Current Events in California: CNN Current Events in California: CNN 14.1 & 14.2 WS Current Events in California: CNN