1. Linear collider muon detector: Marcello Piccolo Amsterdam, April 2003

2. Marcello Piccolo2 Agenda 1. Simulation: 2. Started running with V 3.07 in Brahms. Few preliminary results 3. Results available also from the other side of the Atlantic….reasonable agreement. 4. R&D Dedicated real work started or starting on a very short time base.

3. Marcello Piccolo3 The new Brahms release  The (Fortran) Code to full simulate the Tesla detector has been upgraded (thanks to Ties and Vasily):  W-Si calorimeter option has been implemented  Had Cal is based on the scintillator design.  The Design Report muon detector has also been folded in.  As of now it is possible to write a complete hit file containing:  Tracking detectors  Calorimeters  Muon detector

4. Marcello Piccolo4 The new Brahms release (cont.)

5. Marcello Piccolo5 Single positive muon efficiency Here is the positive muon efficiency vs momentum in the barrel detector.

6. Marcello Piccolo6 Muon ID with dE/dx Correction

7. Marcello Piccolo7 The response to  reported for 35000 events (Tesla) By M. Piccolo has been Reproduced T he blue diamonds represent The SD Points for  after Normalization to account for the Difference in interaction length and statistics T he Green stars Correspond to an Extra cut: Requiring 5 planes with >=2 hits Pion Punch-through 10/700 = 1.4%

8. Marcello Piccolo8 Here are the overall results: bb events @500 GeV The four spectra refer to: Black: generated primary particles particles Red : generated  Green: identified  Blue : misidentified   ~6000  evt’s

9. Marcello Piccolo9 Here are the overall results: ZH events @500 GeV The four spectra refer to: Black: generated primary particles particles Red : generated  Green: identified  Blue : misidentified  7000 evt’s 7000 evt’s

10. Marcello Piccolo10 Some R&D points on the EU side of the Atlantic  There are few issues that need to be addressed :  RPC (either bakelite or glass) have to be certified as rate capable.  Gas mixes that grant to be neutron transparent, especially for the end-caps have to be found.  Working regimes have to be investigated in different rates environment.

11. Marcello Piccolo11 The Frascati Test Beam Facility

12. Marcello Piccolo12 Conceptual view of the facility

13. Marcello Piccolo13 Simulated beam energy spectra

14. Marcello Piccolo14 Particle multiplicity

15. Marcello Piccolo15 Efficiency bidimensional map A good bakelite RPC The overall efficiency For this module is  = (92.7±.05 ) % Cosmic ray data

16. Marcello Piccolo16 Spatial resolution A good bakelite RPC Resolution of single RPC of the order of 7.0 mm. Fit with two gaussian distributions lead to a ratio narrow/wide 10:1.

17. Marcello Piccolo17 Efficiency bidimensional map A bad bakelite RPC The overall efficiency For this module is  = (74.1 ±.1 ) % Bad regions clearly Include the perimeter And some of the spacers

18. Marcello Piccolo18 Efficiency bidimensional map Glass RPC’s

19. Marcello Piccolo19 Plateaux for two 1.1 m 2 Glass RPC’s Turn on for streamer pulses on Glass RPC. Detector dimensions 1x1.1 m 2 Gas mix 60/35/5 Ar/Fr/Isob

20. Marcello Piccolo20 Transverse and longitudinal efficiency distributions Glass RPC Transverse and longitudinal efficiency distributions Glass RPC The “tube ‘ structure of the Glass RPC is apparent in the first plot where boundaries between different Detectors can be seen as a drop In the efficiency. The distribution along the other coordinate is flat as expected

21. Marcello Piccolo21 Some R&D points on the US side of the Atlantic 1. Here the idea is to develop a detector much in the line of Minos. 2. Scintillator extrusions read out with fibers then brought to the segmented anode of a p.m. 3. On top of that, many topics concerning the mechanical structure are being addressed. 4. Let me use Gene (Fisk) transparencies to illustrate their points.

22. Marcello Piccolo22 R & D is Needed – Why? 1. How good is muon ID? For full LC menu? 2. Does E-flow benefit from  Cal?. 3. Requires integration with barrel and forward tracking and calorimetry, structural Fe, solenoid, mechanical support, cables, etc. 4. Robust design parameters - must be understood, optimized, cost estimated, reviewed…. 5. Best  detector design?

23. Marcello Piccolo23 Mechanical Engineering 1. Statics OK with 47T plates; 2. Bolting appears to be possible structurally. 3. Open questions: 4. Machined Fe? 5. Groove fitted? 6. Spokes a la CMS? 7. Bolted? 8. Opportunities for further ME work here.

24. Marcello Piccolo24 Extruded Scintillator R&D at Fermilab   Studied Wavelength shifting (WLS) fiber readout of scintillator extrusions for possible future large scale detectors u u Scintillator: MINOS extrusions s s 1 X 4 cm – grooved s s TiO 2 reflector u u Scintillator: KEK prototype s s 1.2 X 2.5 cm – hole down the middle s s TiO 2 reflector u u WLS: Kuraray Y11 s s 1.2 mm 175 ppm (MINOS Standard) s s 1.0 mm 200 ppm s s 0.5 mm 200 ppm u u Photodetector - Visible Light Photon Counter (VLPC) s s Used D0 HISTE VI devices – –QE=80-85% – –Gain  60,000 Alan Bross – March 2003

25. Marcello Piccolo25 VLPC Tests with MINOS Scintillator MINOS Ref. Value (sum)   1.2 mm WLS fiber (MINOS) results using VLPCs. Alan Bross March2003 Tests of 1.0 & 0.5 mm fibers, etc. Want to try co-extr of scint + fiber.

26. Marcello Piccolo26 Outlook and Conclusions  Simulation tools of a new generation are being developed and used: results are available both in Europe and U.S. and show comfortable agreement.  Dedicated R&D both for the scintillator option and for the parallel plate option are starting or have already started.  A hard look is now being given to the engineering problems that the (not so small) amount of Fe we plan to use will bear on us.