1. Industrialization of Russia & Japan Chapter 27

2. Japan 1600-1700s successful at keeping Europe out 1600-1700s successful at keeping Europe out –Highly ethnocentric and isolationist –Citizens were not allowed to travel abroad 1800s IR made Europe & US so powerful and crazed for markets they felt they couldn’t keep them out 1800s IR made Europe & US so powerful and crazed for markets they felt they couldn’t keep them out

3. Japan 1853 Commodore Matthew Perry (US) arrived on a steamboat 1853 Commodore Matthew Perry (US) arrived on a steamboat –Realized their isolation  not to be able to compete economically and militarily Treaty of Kanagawa (1854)—US favored Treaty of Kanagawa (1854)—US favored –Caused the Nationalist to get mad –BUT organized (not like China) and the samurai revolted against the shogun and restored the Emperor Meiji

4. Japan Meiji Restoration—Shogun Out, Emperor In, Westerners Out Meiji Restoration—Shogun Out, Emperor In, Westerners Out –Japanese Westernization  Metric system, clocks, calendar, fashions NOT religion –Emerged a world power –Building RRs and steamships –1876 samurai class abolished and universal military service was established –1890s able to reduce European & US influence

5. Japan Meiji Imperial Victories Meiji Imperial Victories –1895 defeat China for control of Korea and Taiwan –1904 Russo-Japanese War kicked Russia out of Manchuria and established its own sphere of influence there –NOW an IMPERIAL Power

6. C/C Industrial Revolution in Europe and Japan Japan’s was faster (a few decades to Europe’s century) Japan’s was faster (a few decades to Europe’s century) Japan didn’t have to invent, but implement Japan didn’t have to invent, but implement Similar that private corporations rose up (Ex. Mitsubishi family became wealthy) Similar that private corporations rose up (Ex. Mitsubishi family became wealthy) –Built factories –Urbanized –reforms

7. Russia 1800s Russia consolidated power over its territory w/absolute power in the Romanov’s hands 1800s Russia consolidated power over its territory w/absolute power in the Romanov’s hands Most citizens were serfs with no rights— living slave-like existence Most citizens were serfs with no rights— living slave-like existence Used secret police to squash rebellions and wanted reforms Used secret police to squash rebellions and wanted reforms

8. Russia Reforms 1860s Alexander II started reforms inspired by the Enlightenment 1860s Alexander II started reforms inspired by the Enlightenment –Emancipation Edict—abolished serfdom, but didn’t help b/c serfs had small amounts of land and owed the government $$ so difficult to make improvements –Some went to the cities to work in the factories –Built the trans-Siberia RR & major steel industry

9. Russia Late 1800s small middle class grew Late 1800s small middle class grew Arts flourished Arts flourished –Anna Karenina, War & Peace –Swan Lake, Nutcracker Alexander II assassinated by a political group called The People’s Will Alexander II assassinated by a political group called The People’s Will Alexander III installed Russification— Cyrillic & Orthodox religion Alexander III installed Russification— Cyrillic & Orthodox religion –Persecuted the Jews and others that didn’t –Terrible factory conditions

10. Russia Nicholas II (1894-1917) Nicholas II (1894-1917) –Socialist began to organized –Defeated by Japan in 1904 –Bloody Sunday 1905—moderates march on the czar’s palace in protest in order to reform  Troops fired on protestors  Resentment of the working class –1906 appointed Prime Minister and created a parliament, Duma, but disbanned when critical of him