1. Psychology MCQs ~Motivation~

2. 1. Consciously experienced pleasure or displeasure is called a. incentive. a. incentive. b. reward. b. reward. c. drive c. drive d. affect. d. affect. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. In order to guide future behavior, momentary rewards must be learned. This learning process gives the rewards ________. a. drive a. drive b. incentive salience b. incentive salience c. common currency c. common currency d. hedonic ubiquity d. hedonic ubiquity

3. 3. Drugs that cause addiction may cause permanent hyperactivity in the brain incentive systems called a. neural salience. a. neural salience. b. neuronal hyper-reactivity. b. neuronal hyper-reactivity. c. detoxification resistance. c. detoxification resistance. d. neural sensitization. d. neural sensitization. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. Homeostasis is a. a collection of regulatory cells in the brain. a. a collection of regulatory cells in the brain. b. an organism's tendency to maintain a constant level in the internal environment. b. an organism's tendency to maintain a constant level in the internal environment. c. a physiological departure from an ideal set-point. c. a physiological departure from an ideal set-point. d. the notion that all motives operate to reduce tension within the organism. d. the notion that all motives operate to reduce tension within the organism.

4. 5. If your doctor told you that your body temperature exceeded your temperature set point, she would be telling you that you a. adjust your set point. a. adjust your set point. b. have the chills. b. have the chills. c. have a fever. c. have a fever. d. need change your behavior to raise your set point. d. need change your behavior to raise your set point. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. After eating a ham dinner the level of salts in your blood stream may rise significantly. What effect will this have on your behavior? a. You will need to increase your body temperature. a. You will need to increase your body temperature. b. You will need to drink more fluids. b. You will need to drink more fluids. c. You will crave more salty foods. c. You will crave more salty foods. d. You will crave sweet tasting food. d. You will crave sweet tasting food.

5. 7. Where are the sensors that signal an animal to start drinking? a. mouth and hypothalamus a. mouth and hypothalamus b. kidneys and hypothalamus b. kidneys and hypothalamus c. stomach and intestines c. stomach and intestines d. intestines and kidneys d. intestines and kidneys --------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. Why would the owners of the local pub place bowls of salty peanuts and chips on the bar for all the patrons to eat? Eating these foods will a. increase your level of intoxication. a. increase your level of intoxication. b. increase your thirst. b. increase your thirst. c. make your hungry. c. make your hungry. d. make you leave a bigger tip. d. make you leave a bigger tip.

6. 9. What is the most important factor in food preference? a. flavor a. flavor b. stomach contractions b. stomach contractions c. time of day c. time of day d. low quantities of nutrients in the body d. low quantities of nutrients in the body --------------------------------------------------------------------------------10. The hypothalamus controls regulation of a. All of these choices are true. a. All of these choices are true. b. body temperature. b. body temperature. c. eating. c. eating. d. fluid regulation. d. fluid regulation.

7. 11. Food always tastes better when we are hungry. What do psychologists call this phenomenon? a. conditioned homeostasis a. conditioned homeostasis b. oral stimulation b. oral stimulation c. alliesthesia c. alliesthesia d. conditioned hunger d. conditioned hunger --------------------------------------------------------------------------------12. Blood nutrient level is monitored by satiety detectors in the a. stomach. a. stomach. b. liver. b. liver. c. pancreas. c. pancreas. d. hypothalamus. d. hypothalamus.

8. 13. Genetic factors are responsible for excessive weight gain by inducing a. the growth of more fat cells. a. the growth of more fat cells. b. larger fat cells. b. larger fat cells. c. All of these choices are true. c. All of these choices are true. d. a high set point for fat in the body. d. a high set point for fat in the body. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------14. At the end of your freshman year at college, many students notice that they have gained weight. Why would your roommate gain more weight than you during the same time period? a. The roommate exercised less than you. a. The roommate exercised less than you. b. The roommate has a genetic predisposition to gain more weight than you. b. The roommate has a genetic predisposition to gain more weight than you. c. The roommate ate a lot more than you. c. The roommate ate a lot more than you. d. Any of these choices could explain the difference. d. Any of these choices could explain the difference.

9. 15. Emotional stress has what effect on the food consumption of a normal weight individual? a. have little or no effect a. have little or no effect b. result in a permanent weight gain b. result in a permanent weight gain c. may increase appetite c. may increase appetite d. reduce body weight d. reduce body weight --------------------------------------------------------------------------------16. A friend of yours wants to lose weight and keep it off. If you wanted to offer the best advice, you would say a successful dieter must realize that a. All of these choices are true. a. All of these choices are true. b. the act of dieting may lead to binges. b. the act of dieting may lead to binges. c. exercise is very important. c. exercise is very important. d. anxiety and emotional factors tend to cause overeating. d. anxiety and emotional factors tend to cause overeating.

10. 17. Compared to ________, persons with ________ are more likely to be from any racial, ethnic or socioeconomic group. a. anorexics; bulimia a. anorexics; bulimia b. None of the above are true. b. None of the above are true. c. bulimics; anorexia c. bulimics; anorexia d. anorexics; anorexia nervosa d. anorexics; anorexia nervosa

11. Model Answers Q1:d Q1:d Q2:b Q2:b Q3:d Q3:d Q4:b Q4:b Q5:c Q5:c Q6:b Q6:b Q7:b Q7:b Q8:b Q8:b Q9:a Q9:a Q10:a Q10:a Q11:c Q11:c Q12:b Q12:b Q13:c Q13:c Q14:d Q14:d Q15:c Q15:c Q16:a Q16:a Q17:a Q17:a

12. Good Luck Good Luck