1. Capitalization Rules Elem. of Language textbook pages: 666-691 SATP pages: 349-351, section 4.1

2. Rule 1: ALWAYS capitalize the pronoun I. Example 1: Yesterday I was sick.

3. Rule 2: Capitalize the names of individuals and nicknames. Example 2: Elvis Presley, Connie Chung, and Shaq are all famous people.

4. Rule 3: Capitalize the first word of every sentence. Example 3: The boy brought his skateboard.

5. Rule 4: Capitalize the titles of individuals and abbreviations of the titles. Example 4: Mr. Kennedy met with Dr. Johnson and Governor Smith.

6. Rule 4 continued: Capitalize a title or family relationship when it comes directly before a person’s name. Example 5: Aunt Martina and Uncle Bernard visited Grandmother Rice.

7. Rule 4 continued: DO NOT capitalize a family relationship IF you omit (leave out) the name AND IF they have a possessive word in front of them. Example 6 : My aunt, your father, and Tom’s uncle greeted his mother.

8. Rule 4 (continued) Capitalize a family relationship IF you use a title instead of the person’s name. Example 7: Friday Mother will pick me up. Example 8: Unfortunately, Grandpa broke his leg.

9. Rule 5: Capitalize names of ethnic groups, nationalities, and languages. Example 9: Native Americans and Italians do not speak the same language. Example 10: English and Swahili are difficult to learn.

10. Rule 6: Capitalize the names of places, such as street, city, state, county, country, and bodies of water. Example 11: Main Street runs parallel to the Mississippi River. Example 12: I am from Salem, Oregon, and he is from Mexico City. Example 13: Africa borders the Atlantic Ocean.

11. Rule 7 : Capitalize the words north, south, east, and west when naming a particular section of the country, but not when giving a compass direction. Example 14: We live in the South. Example 15: She lives in South Carolina.

12. More examples: I need to travel north on Hwy 51 to get to Memphis. Many ranchers live out West.

13. Rule 8: Capitalize calendar items (days, months, holidays) BUT NOT seasons (fall, winter, spring, summer). Example 17: He said that May is his favorite because he prefers the spring.

14. Capitalization with direct quotes. A speaker tag is the part of the sentence that identifies who is talking. She said, “I want to finish my English homework.” “I don’t understand,” said Tom, “why you always do your homework.” “Because we need to pass the state test,” she said.

15. Rule 9: capitalization with quotation marks IF the speaker tag is a pronoun—DO NOT capitalize. Example 18: “I saw the sun rise,” he said.

16. IF the quoted sentence is interrupted with a speaker tag— DO NOT capitalize the word that begins the second part of the quote. Example 19: “I saw,” he said, “the sun rise.”

17. IF the speaker tag is first, capitalize the first word of the directly quoted sentence. Example 20: He said, “We saw the sun rise.”

18. Bonus rules!! Just because you may need to know!

19. Capitalize the name of a particular person, place, or thing, but not the common name. Ex: Susan went home after school, but the boys stayed for the football game.

20. Capitalize a common word when used as part of a name, but not when the word is used alone. Example: I have attended many different schools, but Southaven High School is my favorite.

21. Capitalize the brand name, but not the product. Examples: I need to buy some laundry detergent, but all I could find was Tide. I like using Cheer detergent.

22. Capitalize the word Earth when naming a planet, but not when preceded by the word the. Example: The only planet with human life form is Earth. The earth is round.

23. Capitalize a school subject, when it is a language or followed by a number, but not when it is unnumbered. Example: I need to take biology, Spanish, English, and American history.

24. Keep the capitalization review guide in the front of your notebook behind the divider marked GRAMMAR.

25. Now try the practice on the back of the handout.

26. For homework—complete pg. 674, ex. 3 in the grammar textbook

27. Pg. 674—answers 1.Washington, D.C. 2.Europe, Africa, Asia 3. Venezuela, Central America, South America 4.C 5. Quebec 6. Tokyo, Japan 7.Columbus Street, Hickory Lane, United States 8. Southwest, Appalachian Mountains, Gulf of Mexico 9.Lexington Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona, Petrified Forest National Park 10.Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky

28. Pg. 680, Review A 1.Florida, Native American, Apalachees, Creeks, Seminoles 2.Alabama, Georgia, Atlantic Ocean, Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico 3.Spanish, St. Augustine, European, United States 4.Spain, Florida, United States, U.S. 5.Seminole, Osceola, George Catlin 6.Seminoles, Oklahoma, Everglades, Florida, Everglades National Park 7.Eatonville, Florida, African American, United States 8.Cuban Revolution, Cubans, Miami 9.Haitian, Atlantic Ocean 10.Asians, Vietnam, Florida

29. Each group will write one (1) sentence for each rule. Write the rule above each sentence.

30. Read the two poems on page 255 in the grammar workbook. (on a separate capitalization power point) Analyze the poems.