1. Copyright © 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized commercial reproduction of this slide is prohibited Supplemental PowerPoint Slides Guan-Din Method ( 灌頂法 ): A Novel Surgical Technique for Selective Thoracic Fusion to Maximize the Rate of Selective Thoracic Fusion and Compensatory Correction Kao-Wha Chang, MD, Ph.D*+, Yin-Yu Chen, MD*, Chi-Ming Wu, MD*, Tsung- Chein Chen, MD*, Yu-Fei Wang, MD+, Guo-Zhi Zhang, MD+ *Taiwan Spine Center, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China +The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China

2. Copyright © 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized commercial reproduction of this slide is prohibited Supplemental PowerPoint Slides Guan-Din method was originated from an ancient Chinese methodology 灌頂法－ Guan-Din Method, which means initiating the correction on the top, and let the corrective forces cascade down. The method facilitates 3-dinensional control of corrective forces to enhance the lumbar curve’s capacity for spontaneous correction1 and can broaden the current curve criteria for STF.2 By using Guan-Din method for STF, Lenke 1C and 2C curves could be treated with STF without any limitation and Lenke 3C and 4C curves could be treated with STF if lumbar side bending Cobb ≦ 35°, thus maximizing the number of Lenke 1C, 2C, 3C and 4C curves to be treated with STF. The rate of STF in this study was significantly greater than that in other reports3,33 (Table 4). The instrumented thoracic and spontaneous lumbar correction is also optimized by using Guan-Din method for STF.

3. Copyright © 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized commercial reproduction of this slide is prohibited Supplemental PowerPoint Slides The magnitude of correction of 148 MTCL curves with a lumbar C modifier in this study was significantly superior to all other studies15,16,18,20,25-30 reporting on STF for Lenke 1C and 2C curves, King II curves or PUMC31 IIb, IIc curves (Table 3). This series is the only one that the lumbar curve’s capacity for spontaneous correction is enhanced (C/F = 1.04). The capacity for spontaneous correction (as determined by the magnitude of correction of the lumbar curve) exceeded the original capacity for spontaneous correction (as determined by the flexibility of lumbar curve), i.e., C/F >1. Such a finding has not previously been reported. Surgical treatment of MTCL curves aims to maximize the rate of STF for MTCL curves while optimizing instrumented thoracic and spontaneous lumbar correction. The goal can be achieved by using Guan-Din method as the method for STF.

4. Copyright © 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized commercial reproduction of this slide is prohibited Supplemental PowerPoint Slides Table 3

5. Copyright © 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized commercial reproduction of this slide is prohibited Supplemental PowerPoint Slides Table 4. Comparison of authors’ consecutive surgically treated MTCL curves treated with STF Lenke 1Lenke 2Lenke 3Lenke 4Total Lenke 3 126 (114, 90%) 56 (50, 89%) 58 (2, 3%) 8 (2, 25%) 248 (228, 74%) Puno 33 96 (81, 84%) 16 (? ) 26 (9, 35%) 2 (0, 0%) 124 (90, 73%) Chang 268 (264, 99%) 134 (33, 99%) 86 (49, 60%) 22 (12, 55%) 510 (458, 90%) The values outside of ( ) indicate the surgically treated number of each Lenke curve type. The value inside of ( ) indicate the number and percentage of each type of curves treated with STF.