1. Sequence of a Disaster

2. Period of Warning Warning signs of possible disaster occur People search for certainty, for some answers about these signs Some people dismiss things lightly, others are wary

3. Period of Threat The event of a disaster becomes very likely People urgently want to know if the threat is serious Many refuse to accept warning and deny the danger

4. Period of Impact Great suffering, destruction and loss of life Many victims are surprisingly rational, calm and unselfish A few victims display extreme behaviour Officials are still regarded as leaders

5. Period of Inventory Initial shock passes, people begin taking stock of the situation Victim realizes she is not alone Survivors first thoughts and actions concern their families Survivors try to save or help others Class and race distinctions are ignored during times of crisis Rumours spread because communication is poor

6. Period of Rescue Outside organized help arrives Outside world may distort or confuse information about the disaster Relief agencies may bring too much of the wrong kind of help

7. Period of Remedy A solution to the disaster is found (if possible) Temporary solutions are found to meet human needs Sometimes a future disaster is ignored because people will not believe it could happen again

8. Period of Recovery Rebuilding of the damaged area begins Life returns to normal but with changes (people have died, buildings are gone) Some victims suffer long-lasting psychological effects from their own suffering, or the suffering/death of others