1. The Ear, The Nose, and The Tongue

2.  Has external, middle, and inner ear  Functions to help hear and keep our balance and equilibrium  Receptors are called mechanoreceptors

3. 1. Auricle (pinna) 2. External auditory canal 3. Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

4.  Ossicles (ear bones)  Malleus (hammer)  Incus (anvil)  Stapes (stirrup)  Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the throat

5.  the vestibule  balance  semicircular canals  balance  cochlea  hearing

6.  Chemoreceptors, called taste buds, are found in the tongue.  The tongue has about 10,000 taste buds located on the sides of much larger structures called papillae

8.  Nervous impulses are generated by specialized cells in taste buds, called gustatory cells – respond to dissolved chemicals in the saliva

9.  Are able to taste:  sweet  sour  bitter  salty

10.  Chemoreceptors, called olfactory receptors, are found in the upper portion of the nasal cavity

11.  Each olfactory cell has a number of specialized cilia that sense different chemicals and cause the cell to respond by generating a nervous impulse.  To be detected by olfactory receptors, chemicals must be dissolved in the watery mucous that lines the nasal cavity.

13. Olfactory receptors are very easily adapted to odors and lose their ability to respond. Pathways taken by olfactory nerve impulses and the areas where these impulses are interpreted are closely associated with areas of the brain important in memory and emotion.