1. Curriculum Adjustments

2. Adjustments specific to special needs students What research says: “We carefully studied 20 Australian teachers who were highly successful in including students with disabilities in their mainstream. These teachers tended to see all of their students as having individual needs - not just the students who had a disability.” Shaddock,A, Giorcelli, L, Smith, S. Students with disabilities in mainstream classrooms: A resource for teachers

4. ACARA acknowledges the Disability Discrimination Act (1992) (DDA) and the Disability Standards for Education (2005), and its obligation as an education and training service provider to articulate the rights of students with disability to access, participate and achieve in the curriculum on the same basis as students without disability. The objectives of the Australian Curriculum are the same for all students. The curriculum offers flexibility for teachers to tailor their teaching in ways that provide rigorous, relevant and engaging learning and assessment opportunities for students with disability. Students with disability can engage with the curriculum provided the necessary adjustments are made to the complexity of the curriculum content and to the means through which students demonstrate their knowledge, skills and understanding. For some learners, making adjustments to instructional processes and to assessment strategies enables students to achieve educational standards commensurate with their peers. For other students, teachers will need to make appropriate adjustments to the complexity of the curriculum content and by necessity, how the student’s progress is monitored, assessed and reported. ACARA : Students with Disability

5. BOSTES Supporting teachers of students with special education needs – K–6 Students with special education needs in primary school generally work towards the outcomes and content in the Board's K–6 syllabuses for English, Mathematics, Science and Technology, Human Society and Its Environment, Creative Arts and Personal Development, Health and Physical Education. However, some students with special education needs may require additional support and/or adjustments to enable them to access class work and/or demonstrate achievement of syllabus outcomes. The Board has produced support documents that assist teachers in programming for students with special education needs in the key learning areas of English, PDHPE and HSIE. They are available on the Board’s K–6 Educational Resources website:K–6 Educational Resources website

6. Learning adjustments are measures or actions taken in relation to teaching, learning and assessing that enable a student to access and participate in achieving syllabus outcomes and content, that are different from those for the age/stage group, and that meet the student’s personalised learning needs. Curriculum Planning and Programming, Assessing and Reporting to Parents K- 12: policy standards. October 2006 Adjustments

7. Life Skills 7-12 Life Skills is a curriculum option for students with special education needs. Life Skills is for those students who cannot access the regular outcomes and content with adjustments and/or disability provisions and is predominantly for those students with an intellectual disability. Life Skills may provide a more relevant, accessible and meaningful option for some students with special education needs.

8. Eligibility to follow a Life Skills: Program of Study Life Skills courses can be accessed by students in mainstream and support classes from years 7-12 They are available to students who have significant disabilities, and are functioning at least 2 stages behind their peers. These students would consistently achieve E grades in core subjects. The school Learning Support Team, in consultation with the student and parents, make the decision as to whether a student is placed on a Life skills program. To access Life Skills in Stage 6, students would usually have studied 4 Life Skills subjects in Stage 5.

9. What Life Skills means for the student They may achieve outcomes at school or in community settings e.g. work experience. They may access job agencies and job skill programs and they can achieve outcomes for Life Skills courses in these community settings. They are not required to sit HSC exams in Stage 6 Life Skills subjects.

10. What Life Skills means for the teacher: Life Skills students will have an Personalised Learning Plan (PLP): Stage 4/5: Refer to Life Skills outcomes imbedded in KLA syllabus. Stage 6: Refer to separate syllabus documents under ‘L’ for Life Skills on BOS site. http://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/sylla bus2000_listl.html You can also access outcomes from KLA syllabus document: Continuum of Learning K-10 stage outcomes. Allow time for planning: The Learning Support Team ( L&ST, SLSO, Special Ed staff) can help you with adjustments and accommodations)

11. YEARS 7–10 LIFE SKILLS AND RELATED SYLLABUS OUTCOMES Objective A Through responding to and composing a wide range of texts and through the close study of texts, students will develop knowledge, understanding and skills in order to communicate through speaking, listening, reading, writing, viewing and representing* ENLS-1A listens and responds in familiar contexts ENLS-2A communicates for a variety of purposes, audiences and contexts ENLS-3A selects and uses language to communicate according to purpose, audience and context ENLS-4A views and responds to a range of visual texts, media and multimedia ENLS-8A writes short texts for everyday purposes EN4-1A responds to and composes texts for understanding, interpretation, critical analysis, imaginative expression and pleasure EN5-1A responds to and composes increasingly sophisticated and sustained texts for understanding, interpretation, critical analysis, imaginative expression and pleasure NSW Syllabus for Australian Curriculum English K–10 Syllabus 156

12. Stage 6 Life Skills Subjects Creative Arts: Music, Dance, Drama, Visual Arts Technology: Agriculture, Industrial Technology, Design and Technology, Textiles and Design, Information Processes and Technology, Food Technology HSIE: Aboriginal Studies, Business and Economics, Citizenship and Legal Studies, Geography, History, Society and Culture, Studies of Religion English Mathematics Science Work and the Community PDHPE Each life Skill course comprises a 2-unit Preliminary course and a 2-unit HSC course. There are no external exams for Life Skills courses.

13. Assessment of Years 7–10 Life Skills Students undertaking Years 7–10 Life Skills outcomes and content in one or more courses will be assessed on their achievement of the outcomes identified in the planning process. Students do not need to complete all of the associated content to demonstrate achievement of Life Skills outcomes. Students can demonstrate achievement of outcomes in a number of ways and across a range of environments, including the school, home and community. Evidence of achievement of outcomes can be gathered through ongoing assessment for learning and assessment of learning at particular points in the course of study. Students entered for Life Skills courses may achieve the designated outcomes independently or with support. ACE 2009 Last Updated: 29 July 2012

14. Assessment of Life Skills outcomes in Stage 6 Students undertaking a Stage 6 Life Skills course will be assessed on their achievement of the Life Skills outcomes identified in the planning process for the individual student. Students can demonstrate achievement of outcomes in a number of ways, and across a range of environments including the school, community and workplace. Assessment should reflect the student’s ability to generalise the knowledge and skills to a range of adult environments. The content listed with each outcome provides examples of assessable activities on which teacher judgement will be based. Students do not need to complete all of the associated content to demonstrate achievement of a Life Skills outcome. Evidence of achievement of outcomes can be gathered through ongoing assessment for learning and assessment of learning at particular points in the course of study. Students entered for Life Skills courses may achieve the designated outcomes independently or with support. ACE 2008 Last Updated: 26 October 2011

15. Life Skills Outcomes Worksheet : Mathematics

16. Management strategies for students with learning disabilities Seek out information about the special needs of students and their background. This information is available from Learning Support staff or on the intranet. Provide routine and consistency for students with disabilities. Communicate with parents/caregivers through diary/email/phone. Collaborate with other class teachers. Assistant Principal Learning and Support, Learning and Support Teachers and School Learning Support Officers can assist.

17. Adjustments for Students with Autism, Aspergers and Mental Health Conditions provide structure, routine and clear instructions alert student in advance of any changes from normal routine always keep a calm approach, otherwise you will escalate the situation and there will be a meltdown. avoid confrontation listen to their story of what happened don’t expect eye contact give them processing time try not to generalise sarcasm/ jokes are often not understood. limit choices –they can be overwhelming help with organisation use visuals where possible try a positive approach

18. Organisational supports Learning Support Staff in schools may colour code timetables and work books for some students. They can provide scaffolds, visual cues, social stories and checklists. These enable students to engage in learning in a more independent manner. They can help with assistive technology if required.

19. Scaffold tasks Adjust work load and put the easiest questions first. Provide a variety of short activities in longer lessons. Negotiate with student how much they are able do of a class task. Provide extra time. Minimise amount of note taking Give one or two step instructions Use repetition and clarification. You may need to say the same thing repeatedly or in different ways. Pre teach vocabulary. Provide visual clues and prompts. Provide audio or graphic versions of texts. Use a variety of assessment strategies. Acknowledge effort as well as achievement. Use strategies from whole school programs eg. 2LS - Super 6, How2Learn More common sense adjustments:

20. Possible descriptors for reporting on Life Skills student achievement Achieved or independent Achieved with support Consolidating Developing Beginning

21. Disability Provisions Disability provisions for the Higher School Certificate examinations Disability provisions in the HSC are practical arrangements designed to help students who couldn't otherwise make a fair attempt to show what they know in an exam room. The provisions granted are solely determined by how the student’s exam performance is affected. Provisions may include braille papers, large-print papers, use of a reader and/or writer, extra time or rest breaks. Applying for disability provisions Disability provisions application forms and information guides are available to schools from Schools Online for students who intend to sit for the Higher School Certificate examinations.Schools Online

22. Further Information http://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/special_ed/faq_7_10.html http://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/life-skills.html http://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/lifeskills_studentprofile.html