1. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ECOSYSTEMS: Biotic & Abiotic Factors Levels of Organization

2. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Introduction Ecology—study of living things Ecology—study of living things Way they interact with physical environment Way they interact with physical environment Greek words Greek words Oikos meaning house Oikos meaning house Logic meaning to learn Logic meaning to learn Important for determining role they play Important for determining role they play How to best maintain for future generations How to best maintain for future generations

3. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Made of Cells, Adapt, Reproduction, Heredity, Homeostasis, Use Energy, Grow and Develop,

4. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Biotic—living organisms, plants, animals, bacteria, fungi Biotic—living organisms, plants, animals, bacteria, fungi Abiotic—nonliving factors of environment Abiotic—nonliving factors of environment air– temperature air– temperature water – altitude water – altitude rocks– light rocks– light minerals– soil minerals– soil Ecologists study interaction of biotic and abiotic worlds Ecologists study interaction of biotic and abiotic worlds

5. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Niche – role an organism plays in its environment Niche – role an organism plays in its environment Resource – something needed (such as food, water and space) Resource – something needed (such as food, water and space) Adaptation – structure or behavior that increases the chance of species survival Adaptation – structure or behavior that increases the chance of species survival upload.wikimedia.org

6. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. http://homestudy.ihea.com/wildlife/limits.gif

7. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Habitats Where an organism lives Where an organism lives Smallest level of relationship ecologists study Smallest level of relationship ecologists study Refers to an organism’s specific requirements: Refers to an organism’s specific requirements: food water shelter space food water shelter space www.house.gov

8. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Habitats (continued) Food requirements vary greatly Food requirements vary greatly Basis of how organism derives energy Basis of how organism derives energy All organisms require water to survive All organisms require water to survive Shelter—way organism protects itself from environment Shelter—way organism protects itself from environment Protective body parts or constructing a shelter Protective body parts or constructing a shelter Space in which to live Space in which to live Small to large area depending on organism Small to large area depending on organism

9. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Levels of Organization 1 - Biosphere – realm of living things, thin film of life on Earth 2 - Ecosystem – short word for ecological system - Interaction of all the organisms and abiotic factors in a given area Amount of sunlight a region receives Amount of moisture in an area Temperature of the environment Surrounding landscape - Aquatic and terrestrial

10. Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 3 - Community – Interaction between all the different populations of species in a given area 4 - Population - Group of the same type of organism living in the same geographic area at a given time Group of organisms genetically resemble each other (species) Group of organisms genetically resemble each other (species) Can reproduce with each other Can reproduce with each other Small— bacteria on particle of soil Large—human beings in the United States www.goodfoodbox.com