1. Mobile Technologies Overview Mehmet Ali GÖKGÖZ Erdem SUNAR December 17th, 2010 2G – 3G

2. Agenda 1. Introduction to Mobile Communication 2. 1G – 2G Mobile Networks Overview 3. 3G Overview

3. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 3 | Presentation Title | Month 2009 Introduction to Mobile Communication 1

4. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 4 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010 Transceiver Principle AIR INTERFACE

5. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX Wired vs. Wireless Wired:Wireless: Low attenuation Attenuation is high Low time‐variance Time‐varying Negligible interference High interference Costly No digging for cables No mobility Mobile 5 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

6. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX The Cellular Principle Relies on the concept of concurrency  Delivered through channel reuse i.e. reusing channels in different cells Total coverage area is divided into cells  Only a subset of channels available in each cell All channels partitioned into sets  Sets assigned to cells  Rule: assign the same set to two cells that are sufficient geographically distant so that interference is small 6 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

7. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX Mobile Challenges Bandwidth Scarce Spectrum, leading to low data rates Power Constraints on battery consumption of the UE Reliability The wireless channel is time varying, leading to high loss rates Security Information is broadcast 7 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

8. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX High Level Architecture 8 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

9. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX Mobile Services Evolution 9 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

10. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 10 | Presentation Title | Month 2009 1G – 2G Mobile Networks Overview 2

11. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 1G vs 2G 1G2G AnalogDigital Only VoiceVoice and Limited Data Incompatible Standards, No Roaming Compatible with PSTN Insecure, Prone to Sniffing Encryption 1979 – NTT –Japan 1991 – PDC – Japan DAMPS, IS-95, GSM 11 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

12. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 2G Architecture 12 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

13. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 2G Area Concept Cell Location Area Area Concept 13 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

14. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 2G Data Speeds HSCSD (High speed circuit switched data) 64 Kb/s 171.2 kbps GPRS (General packet radio services) 171.2 kbps 384 kbps bit rate EDGE (Enhanced data rates for global evolution) 384 kbps bit rate 14 | Mobile Technologies Overview 2G-3G | December 2010

15. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX 15 | Presentation Title | Month 2009 www.alcatel-lucent.com

16. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009, XXXXX