1. PROBIOTICS AND PREBIOTICS – What are they all about..?

2. Background Probiotics are dietary supplements containing potentially beneficial bacteria or yeast, with lactic acid bacteria { LAB } Probiotics are dietary supplements containing potentially beneficial bacteria or yeast, with lactic acid bacteria { LAB } LAB have been used in the food industry for many years, because they are able to convert sugars and other carbohydrates into lactic acid. LAB have been used in the food industry for many years, because they are able to convert sugars and other carbohydrates into lactic acid. This provides characteristic sour taste of fermented dairy foods such as yogurt, and acts as a preservative, by lowering the pH. This provides characteristic sour taste of fermented dairy foods such as yogurt, and acts as a preservative, by lowering the pH.

3. And… Prebiotics are a category of functional food, defined as : Non digestable food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and / or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon, and thus improve the host health. Eg; oligosaccharides Prebiotics are a category of functional food, defined as : Non digestable food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and / or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon, and thus improve the host health. Eg; oligosaccharides

4. The Theory The body contains a miniature ecology of microbes, collectively known as gut flora. The body contains a miniature ecology of microbes, collectively known as gut flora. The number of bacterial types can be thrown out of balance by a wide range of circumstances including the use of antibiotics or other drugs, excess alcohol, stress, disease, exposure to toxic substances, or even the use of antibacterial soap. The number of bacterial types can be thrown out of balance by a wide range of circumstances including the use of antibiotics or other drugs, excess alcohol, stress, disease, exposure to toxic substances, or even the use of antibacterial soap.

5. Really…? Do they survive in the acidic stomach environment, the alkaline conditions in the duodenum, as well as their ability to adhere to the intestinal mucosa of the colon and to colonize the colon. Some probiotics such as Lactobacillus GG and Lactobacillus plantarum, do. After passage through the stomach and the small intestine, they become established transiently in the colon. Do they survive in the acidic stomach environment, the alkaline conditions in the duodenum, as well as their ability to adhere to the intestinal mucosa of the colon and to colonize the colon. Some probiotics such as Lactobacillus GG and Lactobacillus plantarum, do. After passage through the stomach and the small intestine, they become established transiently in the colon.

6. Also… Lactobacillus casei has been demonstrated to increase levels of circulating Ig A in infants infected with rota virus. Lactobacillus casei has been demonstrated to increase levels of circulating Ig A in infants infected with rota virus. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum appear to enhance the nonspecific immune phagocytic activity of circulating blood granulocytes. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum appear to enhance the nonspecific immune phagocytic activity of circulating blood granulocytes.

7. So… I suggest when giving antibiotics to all age groups apart from pregnant and breast feeding I suggest when giving antibiotics to all age groups apart from pregnant and breast feeding Anecdotal evidence so far: less D&V,lower incidence of vaginal thrush, controlled diverticulosis. Anecdotal evidence so far: less D&V,lower incidence of vaginal thrush, controlled diverticulosis. Potential s/e theoretically include flattulence/ constipation/ Lactobacillus bacteremia and endocarditis. Potential s/e theoretically include flattulence/ constipation/ Lactobacillus bacteremia and endocarditis.

8. And… ….has been found to secrete a protease which digests two protein exotoxins, toxin A and toxin B, which appear to mediate diarrhoea and collitis caused by Clostridium difficle Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and bacterium lactis Bb 12 produce significant improvement of atopic eczema in children: the decrease in the signs and symptoms occurred in parallel with a reduction in the concentration of circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes and an increase in TGF – beta 1, indicating suppressive effects on T cell functions in this disorder. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and bacterium lactis Bb 12 produce significant improvement of atopic eczema in children: the decrease in the signs and symptoms occurred in parallel with a reduction in the concentration of circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes and an increase in TGF – beta 1, indicating suppressive effects on T cell functions in this disorder.

9. The players Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Lactobacillus

10. Lactococcus Lactococcus Saccharomyces Saccharomyces

11. Streptococcus Streptococcus Thermophilus Thermophilus

12. Enterococcus Enterococcus

13. How do they work…? Probiotics may have antibacterial, immunomodulatory,anticarcinogenic, antidiarrhoeal, antiallergenic and antioxidant activities. Probiotics may have antibacterial, immunomodulatory,anticarcinogenic, antidiarrhoeal, antiallergenic and antioxidant activities. The antibacterial activity may partially be due to the ability to colonise the colon and reinforce the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa. The antibacterial activity may partially be due to the ability to colonise the colon and reinforce the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa.

14. Innovation in dairy products PROBIOTIC DAHI Improves gastrointestinal health Improves gastrointestinal health Inhibits enteric pathogens Inhibits enteric pathogens Improves phagocytosis and Ig levels Improves phagocytosis and Ig levels Texture and taste liked by Indians Texture and taste liked by Indians Low fat fermented products Low fat fermented products Provides 8% dietary fiber need Provides 8% dietary fiber need Marketed as B –Active plus dahi Marketed as B –Active plus dahi

15. PROBIOTIC DRINK Helps improve immunity Helps improve immunity Contains real fruit with natural Contains real fruit with natural goodness goodness Assurance of bottle sterility for Assurance of bottle sterility for packaging packaging Provides 8% daily dietary need Provides 8% daily dietary need Favourably modulate GI microflora Favourably modulate GI microflora Sold under the brand name NUTRIFIT Sold under the brand name NUTRIFIT

16. PANEER Traditional Culinary Dairy product Traditional Culinary Dairy product Soft, good slicing/ cutting Soft, good slicing/ cutting properties & excellent taste properties & excellent taste Extended shelf life after vaccum Extended shelf life after vaccum packaging packaging

17. MISTI DOI MISTI DOI Traditional Bengal Delicacy Traditional Bengal Delicacy Newly improved formulation Newly improved formulation with better sensorial properties with better sensorial properties Product attributes similar to Product attributes similar to home made product home made product

18. RICE KHEER RICE KHEER Popular Indian dessert Popular Indian dessert Creamy rich taste with goodness Creamy rich taste with goodness of dry fruits and nuts of dry fruits and nuts

19. LASSI In three varieties –plain, In three varieties –plain, mangofruit & mangofruit & strawberry fruit strawberry fruit

20. NATURAL VANILLA CHOKOFUDGE CAKE Product with natural vanilla flavour& chocolate sauce throughout icecream Product with natural vanilla flavour& chocolate sauce throughout icecream Better taste and appearance Better taste and appearance Chocolate cake as base to relish the product Chocolate cake as base to relish the product

21. KULFI RANGE Indian flavours-Kesar,Pista,Rose Indian flavours-Kesar,Pista,Rose and Paan kulfi to meet the local taste and Paan kulfi to meet the local taste New shape of kulfi on stick-high selling value New shape of kulfi on stick-high selling value Richness & creaminess due to Richness & creaminess due to high solid content high solid content

22. FRUIT CLASSICS Goodness of real fruit in product Goodness of real fruit in product No added artificial flavour No added artificial flavour No added synthetic food color No added synthetic food color

23. FORTIFIED ICE CANDIES Fortification with Vitamin- C meant for kids & youths Fortification with Vitamin- C meant for kids & youths Provides 25% RDA { Reccommended Dietary Allowance } Provides 25% RDA { Reccommended Dietary Allowance } Benefits of Vitamin - C Benefits of Vitamin - C

24. INDIAN CLASSICS INDIAN CLASSICS Icecream with traditional indigenous flavours- Kaju Kishmish, Basundi and Kheer, Kesar pista Icecream with traditional indigenous flavours- Kaju Kishmish, Basundi and Kheer, Kesar pista Filled with nuts and fruits Filled with nuts and fruits

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