1. THE IMPERFECT STORM THE PROSPECTS FOR SYSTEMIC CHANGE ACROSS ACADEMIC LIBRARIES James G. Neal VALE/NJ-ACRL/NJLA-CUS Annual Conference 5 January 2011

2. 2 WHAT ARE THE CORE RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE LIBRARY? Information Selection Information Acquisition Information Synthesis Information Navigation Information Dissemination Information Interpretation Information Understanding Information Use Information Application Information Archiving In Support of Teaching and Learning In Support of Research and Scholarship

3. 3 CHANGING LIBRARY ROLES Libraries as Consumers Libraries as Intermediaries and Aggregators Libraries as Publishers Libraries as Educators Libraries as R&D Organizations Libraries as Entrepreneurs Libraries as Policy Advocates

4. 4 THE SHIFTING VISION OF THE LIBRARY Legacy Infrastructure Repository Portal Enterprise Public Interest

5. 5 TREND #1 CUSTOMIZATION/PERSONAL WEB RAPIDLY SHIFTING USER BEHAVIORS AND EXPECTATIONS SOCIAL NETWORKING COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE NEW LITERACIES

6. 6 WHO ARE OUR USERS? Students (diversity abounds) Faculty (expectations galore) Researchers (tribal differences) Administration (the bottom line) Community (local politics) Working Professionals (practical applications) Alumni and Donors (largely ignored) World on the Web (the new majority)

7. 7 WHERE DO WE INTERSECT WITH USERS? Physical Spaces Web Spaces Collections Services Applications Technologies Classroom Laboratory Bedside Collaborations Anyone Anywhere Anytime Anyhow

8. 8 RESPOND TO USER EXPECTATIONS Content Access Convenience New Capabilities Cost Reduction Participation Individual Productivity Individual Control Organizational Productivity

9. 9 EMBRACE THE “HUMAN” OBJECTIVES Success (turn out well, attain desired end) Happiness (well-being and contentment) Productivity (achieving results or benefits) Progress (forward movement or betterment) Relationships (personal connections or attachments) Experiences (observation or participation) Impact (significant effect)

10. 10 TREND #2 AUTOMATE OLD WORKFLOWS SHALLOW EXPERTISE NEW COMBINATIONS RESISTANCE TO OUTSOURCING REDUNDANT INEFFICIENT LIBRARY OPERATIONS

11. 11 TREND #3 AGING AND INEFFECTIVE SERVICE PARADIGMS DISCOVERY FAILURES USER ALTERNATIVES SAGE AT THE DESK

12. 12 TREND #4 POLYCENTRISM DISCONNECTED AND UNEVEN LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT WEAK PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND FORUMS

13. 13 TREND #5 MUTABILITY CONSTANT CHANGE HYBRID STRUCTURES MAVERICK STRATEGIES

14. 14 PLANNING AND TRANSFORMATION Too much planning and too little strategic thinking. Existing structures and processes built for slower pace of change. Academic program planning not linked to institutional strategic planning. Resource allocations not linked to strategies. Planning cycles expenditure-based rather than strategic.

15. 15 BUILD NEW ORGANIZATIONAL MODELS Conventional Administrative Hierarchy and Academic Governancy/Bureaucracy Centralized Planning and Resource Allocation Systems and Loosely Coupled Academic Structures and Maverick Units and Entrepreneurial Enterprises

16. 16 TREND #6 NEW ECONOMIC CONTEXT HOW DO WE RESPOND TO SMALLER BUDGETS REDUCED PURCHASING POWER LESS POLITICAL SUPPORT COMPETITION FOR RESOURCES

17. 17 THE PROSPECTS FOR CHANGE IN LIBRARIES Defensive Diversification Receivership Doing Less with Less Expense Reductions Doing More with Less Entrepreneurship Structural Change Repositioning

18. 18 DEVELOP NEW RESOURCES FUNDING STRATEGIES Operating Budget Reallocation New Operational Resources External Fundraising Research/Service Grants Co-Investment Public/Private Partnerships Technology Transfer Entrepreneurial/New Business Development

19. 19 TREND #7 ACCOUNTABILITY/ASSESSMENT HOW DO WE KNOW? IF WE ARE ADVANCING INSTITUTIONAL GOALS SUPPORTING USER OBJECTIVES SERVING NATIONAL INTERESTS

20. 20 PREPARE FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND ASSESSMENT Institutional Expectations Government/Funder Mandate Measures Of User Satisfaction Measures Of Market Penetration Measures Of Success Measures Of Impact Measures Of Cost Effectiveness System Design For Usability

21. 21 TREND #8 ACCELERATION OF COLLECTIVE INNOVATION APPS REVOLUTION ENTREPENEURIAL IMPERATIVE

22. 22 TREND #9 GEO-EVERYTHING GEO-LOCATION GEO-TAGGING GIS/MOBILE APPLICATIONS SMART OBJECTS/SPACES

23. 23 TREND #10 SCALE AND NETWORK EFFECTS THROUGH AGGREGATION MOVING OPERATIONS AND SERVICES TO THE CLOUD

24. 24 TREND #11 COMMON SHARED RESOURCES FOCUS ON UNIQUE RESOURCES FUTURE OF COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT LIE OF COORDINATION LICENSING OF CONTENT WEB ROT AND FUTURE OF SCHOLARSHIP GOLDEN AGE OF SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

25. 25 BUILD THE DIGITAL LIBRARY QUALITY = CONTENT + FUNCTIONALITY Published/Licensed Content Primary Content Open Web Content Institutional Content Multimedia Content Integrated Services Software Tools

26. 26 PRESERVE AND ARCHIVE THE CONTENT Archive as RepositoryHOLD Archive as PersistenceACCESS Archive as CurationSECURE Archive as Steward CARE Analog Digital Conversion Born Digital Disaster Preparedness

27. 27 TREND #12 NEW MAJORITY LEARNER EPISODIC DISTANT OTHER-DIRECTED CAREER-FOCUSED

28. 28 ENHANCE THE STUDENT EXPERIENCE Technology Ubiquity Point-of-Need Information Web-based Services Technology Sandbox Privacy Space Social Success Support Services Information Fluency Post-graduate Access Career Assistance

29. 29 TREND #13 OPENNESS OPEN ARCHITECTUREOPEN DATA OPEN DESIGNOPEN SOURCE OPEN KNOWLEDGEOPEN ACCESS

30. 30 TREND #14 DEFORMALISM AND DESTRUCTURING OF SCHOLARSHIP OPEN ACCESS FUTURE OF SCHOLARLY MONOGRAPH WEB COMMUNICATION RESPOSITORY MOVEMENT SCHOLARLY REVIEW

31. 31 ADVANCE THE REPOSITORY MOVEMENT Discipline Repositories Institutional Repositories Departmental/School Repositories Individual Repositories Government Repositories National Repositories Publisher Repositories

32. 32 TREND #15 ADVANCING FROM KUMBAYA TO RADICAL COLLABORATION

33. 33 FORUMS FOR COOPERATION Library Systems Local and Regional Cooperation State Projects Multi-State Projects National Consortia/Projects International Partnerships Researcher Collaboration Publisher Collaboration Collaboration with Technology Organizations Corporate Partnerships Business Partnerships REACHING OUT TO CULTURAL COMMUNITY PROMOTING NEW COMBINATIONS THRU PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS

34. 34 ARENAS FOR COLLABORATION Centers for Excellence Mass Production New Infrastructure New Initiatives Quality/Productivity/Innovation

35. 35 RADICAL COLLABORATION SOME REQUIREMENTS Bi- and Tri-Lateral Combinations Sustainability/Business Plan Legal Framework Governance Structure Risk Capital Competitive Spirit

36. 36 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #1 LAST COPY PRINT REPOSITORY NETWORK HOW MANY? WHERE? WHAT REQUIREMENTS? SPACE IMPACTS SERVICE IMPACTS

37. 37 CLOUD LIBRARY PROJECT Print Repository Research Collection and Preservation Consortium Digital Repository Hathi Trust Digital Surrogate Google Books Public Domain Content Research Library User Services/Collection Management New York University Libraries

38. 38 CLOUD LIBRARY PROJECT Aggregate Collection Analysis/Overlap Study Library Risk Assessment Service Requirements/Expectations Model Service Agreements Business Models/Implementation Plan

39. 39 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #2 NATIONAL PUBLIC DIGITAL LIBRARY MASS DIGITIZATION PROJECT DIGITIZATION BORN DIGITAL KNOWLEDGE COMMONS DOT-LIB DOMAIN

40. 40 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #3 NATIONAL CONTENT LICENSING PROGRAM OPEN ACCESS AGENDA PRICE TERMS STANDARDS

41. 41 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #4 WEB SITE AND WEB DOCUMENT CAPTURE/CURATION/ARCHIVING WHAT ABOUT INTERNET ARCHIVE? DOCUMENTING EVERYTHING? WRITING HISTORY SCHOLARSHIP UNDERMINED

42. 42 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #5 E-RESEARCH CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT RESEARCHER SOLUTIONS GOVERNMENT FUNDING VENDOR INITIATIVES LIBRARY ROLE

43. 43 SUPPORT THE NEEDS OF BIG SCIENCE Federal Mandate Massive Data Unstructured Data/Curation Extraction Distribution Collaboration Visualization Simulation

44. 44 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #6 GLOBAL RESOURCES NETWORK INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION FOREIGN ACQUISITIONS LANGUAGE CATALOGING GLOBAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH GLOBAL WEB

45. 45 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #7 REGIONAL NETWORK OF LIBRARY SERVICE AGENCIES CATALOGING PRESERVATION DIGITIZATION

46. 46 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #8 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT APPS ENTERPRISE NATIONAL LIBRARY PROGRAM WHO DEFINES INFORMATION DISCOVERY USE AND APPLICATION?

47. 47 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #9 LIBRARY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM AND CONSORTIUM INFORMATION POOR INFORMATION PROFESSION DATA-DRIVEN DECISION MAKING

48. 48 SETTING THE R&D AGENDA INDIVIDUAL PROFESSIONAL INTEREST IMPORTANCE R&D AGENDA ORGANIZATIONAL NATIONAL PRIORITY NEED

49. 49 THE R&D ENTERPRISE IN THE LIBRARY New Knowledge Creation Laboratory for Experimentation Magnet for New Skills/Capabilities Venue for Faculty Collaboration Venue for Corporate Collaboration Solve Library Problems Solve Information Problems Solve Technology Problems

50. 50 THE R&D ENTERPRISE IN THE LIBRARY Potential for Capitalization/Technology Transfer Foundation and Federal Funding Library Credibility and Visibility Support for Decision Making Organizational Culture Digital Library Program Development Organizational Risks

51. 51 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #10 COORDINATED MARKETING AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT INSANITY OF ROI DEFINING AND DOCUMENTING VALUE

52. 52 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #11 NEW STANDARDS FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARY SPACE THE TROMPE L’OEIL LIBRARY LEARNING SPACE SOCIAL SPACE COLLABORATIVE SPACE FLEXIBILITY AND ADAPTABILITY

53. 53 SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT CONCEPTION AND APPLICATION OF SPACE __________________________ 1.Why do individuals enter a space? MOTIVATION/OBJECTIVE 2.How do individuals navigate a space? TRANSPORTATION/CIRCULATION 3.How do individuals use a space? EXPERIENCE/PRODUCTIVITY 4.What is balance among FUNCTION, USABILITY and AESTHETICS?

54. 54 SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT CONCEPTION AND APPLICATION OF SPACE __________________________ 5. How do individuals relate to each other? PRIVATE/COLLABORATIVE/PUBLIC 6. What is the symbolic role of space? EMOTIONAL/SPIRITUAL 7. How does a space reflect/advance larger organization? MISSION/SUCCESS/FEEL 8. How does a space enable FLEXIBILITY and ADAPTABILITY?

55. 55 SOME NEW GUIDELINES FOR FUTURE PLANNING AND DESIGN OF LIBRARY SPACE 1. Focus less on statistical and operational formulas. 2. Focus more on diversity of need and personal adaptability/customization. 3.Design for the agile rather than the static. 4.Start with the user and not the collection. 5. Start with the technology and not with the staff.

56. 56 SOME NEW GUIDELINES FOR FUTURE PLANNING AND DESIGN OF LIBRARY SPACE 6. Bring the classroom into the library. 7. Bring the academy into the library. 8. Conceive the library five years ahead. 9. Think more about playground and less about sanctuary. 10. Prepare for anxiety, disruption and chaos.

57. 57 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #12 INFORMATION LITERACY STOP THE MADNESS ACADEMIC CRUTCH WHAT DIFFERENCE DO WE MAKE? CAN INFORMATION LITERACY ACTUALLY BE TAUGHT? BETTER TO INVEST IN MARKETING AND ACADEMIC INTEGRATION

58. 58 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #13 MULTIPLE PATHS TO ACADEMIC LIBRARY WORK FUTURE OF MLS MANDATORY CE/CERTIFICATION

59. 59 EXPECTATIONS FOR THE INFORMATIONAL PROFESSIONAL Commitment to Rigor Commitment to Research and Development Commitment to Assessment and Evaluation Communication and Marketing Skills Political Engagement Project Development and Management Skills Entrepreneurial Spirit Commitment to Collaboration Resource Development Skills Leadership/Inspirational Capacity Deep Subject or Technical Expertise Deep Service Commitment

60. 60 SYSTEMIC CHANGE #14 CREATE LIBRARY PAC POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE POLITICAL CANDIDATE SUPPORT SUPPORT/OPPOSE LEGISLATION

61. 61 ADVOCATE THE INFORMATION POLICY AGENDA INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM PRIVACY CIVIL LIBERTIES EDUCATION PROGRAMS RESEARCH PROGRAMS INTERNET DEVELOPMENT TELECOMMUNICATIONS GOVERNMENT INFORMATION APPROPRIATIONS WORKFORCE POLICY FIGHTING THE COPYRIGHT WARS HOPE/POWER/ACTION THROUGH COLLABORATION

62. 62 ACADEMIC LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT -1950Period of EXCLUSIVITY 1950-1970Period of POPULARIZATION 1970-1990Period of DISCORD 1990-2010Period of DECADENCE 2010-2020Period of PARABIOSIS 2020-Period of PARTICULARISM

63. 63 HOW DO WE FEEL? Anxious - an abnormal and overwhelming sense of apprehension and fear Disrupted - interruption of normal course or unity, thrown into disorder Chaotic - state of utter confusion, unpredictability in the behavior of complex systems “Our age of anxiety is, in great part, the result of trying to do today’s jobs with yesterday’s tools.” Marshall McCluhan “One of the litmus tests is that a disruptive technology enables a larger population of less skilled people to do things that historically only an expert could.” Clayton Christensen The Innovator’s Dilemma “Chaos often breeds life, when order breeds habit.” Education of Henry Adams