1. The Danish history of corruption and anticorruption 1700 - 1950 Mette Frisk Jensen Department of Culture and Society Aarhus University and QOG University of Gothenburg

2. Civil servants in Denmark with misconducts in office 1736 - 1936

3. The Danish history of corruption in the 19th century Increase in the number of civil servants prosecuted for corrupt crimes in the years form 1810 to 1830 The increase coincided with a severe economic crisis in the wake of the Napoleon War Since 1860 the level of bureaucratic corruption has been low and fairly constant The corruption in the 19th century primarily took the form of embezzlements

4. The government’s handling of the corruption by the civil servants in the beginning of the 19th. century Detailed control of the civil servants accounts by officials from the central administration 1819 - 1830Detailed control of the civil servants accounts by officials from the central administration 1819 - 1830 Major revision of accounts in 1840Major revision of accounts in 1840 New penal codes in 1840 and 1866New penal codes in 1840 and 1866 Major revision of wages and pensionsMajor revision of wages and pensions

5. Weber’s model of the bureaucracy and the Danish administration Lack of separation in the civil servants private and public economyLack of separation in the civil servants private and public economy Lack of fixed wages and full time working civil servantsLack of fixed wages and full time working civil servants Lack of systematic control with the civil servants accountsLack of systematic control with the civil servants accounts

6. The study of corruption and anticorruption in the 18th century The empirical study of the civil servants corruption How was bribery eliminater? How and why was the sale of public offices eliminated? The establishment of a corps of royal servants and their development to civil servants The oath of office after 1660 The use of surety The use of partitions The legislation on corrupt crimes The general notion of justice and the ethics of public office

8. The oath of office

9. The legislation Embezzlements – laws from 1690 and 1739 Bribery – law from 1700 Forgery – part of the Law-complex The Danish Law from 1683