1. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Family and Health Demographics. Research in Family Nursing By Nataliya Haliyash, MD, PhD, MSN Ternopil State Medical University Institute of Nursing

2. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Lecture Objectives Outline objectives of family demographics Discuss the historical and contemporary family tasks Describe different types of family structures Learn parenting tasks and parenting styles Discuss the role of the nurse in supporting caregivers and their child-rearing practices

3. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Family is a group of two or more persons related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together. the U.S. Bureau of the Census (2000) Nurses need to ask people who they consider to be their family and then include those members in health care planning Family Nursing: consists of nurses and families working together to ensure the success of the family and its members in adapting to responses to health and illness

4. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc.

5. Family Demographics study of the structure of families and households and the family-related events, such as marriage and divorce, that alter the structure through their number, timing, and sequencing

6. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc.

7. PARENTING Parenting is a dynamic process that evolves over time as parents acquire experience and mature as individuals. The social goal of parenting is to guide and nurture children so that they become productive members of society. The personal goal is a desire to raise a child, see aspects of oneself continue to exist such as perpetuating the family line.

8. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. 8 Duvall's Developmental Stages Beginning family Childbearing family Families with preschool children Families with school-aged children Families with teenagers Families launching young adults Middle-aged parents Families in later years

9. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Parenting by Developmental Stage

10. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Parenting by Developmental Stage

11. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Parenting by Developmental Stage

12. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Parenting Styles (1) authoritarian or autocratic, (2) authoritative or democratic, (3) indulgent or permissive, (4) indifferent or uninvolved.

13. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc.

15. Socialization SocializationSocialization is a process of learning the rules and expected behaviors of a society. One goal of parenting is to socialize children, which includes teaching which behaviors are expected and appropriate, and fostering the development of self- control. This is also the goal of discipline, which comes from the root word disciplinare – to teach or instruct.

16. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Socialization

17. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Socialization

18. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Effective discipline should include three components: (1) a positive, supportive, nurturing caregiver—child relationship, (2) positive reinforcement techniques to increase desirable behaviors, (3) removal of reinforcement or use of punishment to reduce or eliminate undesirable behaviors.

19. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Effective discipline

20. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Effective discipline

21. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Effective discipline

22. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc.

23. SPECIAL PARENTING SITUATIONS adolescent parents, adoption, grandparents as parents, foster parents.

24. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. SPECIAL PARENTING SITUATIONS

25. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Nurses can play a vital role in supporting parenting as they work with families. This work must be done in collaboration with parents if positive results are to be achieved.

26. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Assessment of parenting The parent's views on parenting Clarifying cultural and social expectations for parenting Identifying issues or children's behaviors that are of concern to parents Evaluating the interactions between children and their parents during health care encounters

27. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. The identified problems should: Be confirmed or clarified with parents Be mutually agreed upon as the priority issues parents wish to address

28. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Collaboration with parents Identifying: Resources for implementing the plan Strategies that are congruent with parental beliefs Outcomes for determining effectiveness of the plan

29. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc. Collaboration with parents

30. Mosby items and derived items © 2005, 2001 by Mosby, Inc.

31. Q&A?