1. Prentice Hall © 20071 PowerPoint Slides to accompany THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS AND ONLINE COMMERCE 5E, by Henry R. Cheeseman Chapter 2 Court Systems and Jurisdiction

2. Prentice Hall © 20072 Two Major Court Systems Federal court system Court systems of the 50 states and the District of Columbia

3. Prentice Hall © 20073 State Court Systems Limited-jurisdiction trial courts Courts that hear matters of specialized or limited nature General-jurisdiction trial courts Courts that hear cases of a general nature that are not within the jurisdiction of limited-jurisdiction trial courts

4. Prentice Hall © 20074 State Court Systems Intermediate appellate courts Courts that hear appeals from trial courts Highest state court Court that hears appeals from intermediate state courts and certain trial courts

5. Prentice Hall © 20075 Sample State Court System

6. Prentice Hall © 20076 Special Federal Courts U.S. Tax Court U.S. Claims Court U.S. Court of International Trade U.S. Bankruptcy Court

7. Prentice Hall © 20077 US District Courts District courts are the federal court system’s trial courts of general jurisdiction. Presently, there are 96 district courts.

8. Prentice Hall © 20078 US Courts of Appeals US Courts of Appeals are the federal court system’s intermediate appellate courts. There are 13 courts of appeals.

9. Prentice Hall © 20079 US Supreme Court Created by Article III of the US Constitution Highest court in the U.S. Located in Washington, D.C. Composed of nine justices who are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate

10. Prentice Hall © 200710 Types of decisions Unanimous Majority Plurality Tie

11. Prentice Hall © 200711 Federal Court System

12. Prentice Hall © 200712 Jurisdiction of Federal and State Courts

13. Prentice Hall © 200713 Jurisdiction of Courts Standing to sue—the plaintiff must have some stake in the outcome of the lawsuit Jurisdiction—the authority of a court to hear a case

14. Prentice Hall © 200714 Types of Jurisdiction In personam jurisdiction—jurisdiction over the parties to a lawsuit In rem jurisdiction—jurisdiction to hear a case because of jurisdiction over the property involved in the lawsuit Quasi in rem jurisdiction—jurisdiction which allows a plaintiff who obtains a judgment in one state to try to collect the judgment by attaching property of the defendant located in another state

15. Prentice Hall © 200715 Long-Arm Statutes Long-arm statute—a statute that extends a state’s jurisdiction to nonresidents who were not served a summons within the state Forum-selection clause—contract provision that designates a certain court to hear any dispute concerning nonperformance of the contract

16. Prentice Hall © 200716 Venue Venue requires lawsuits to be heard by the court with jurisdiction closest to the location where incident occurred or parties reside. Change of venue may be requested in order to find impartial jury.