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Subbalakshmi Lokanadhan Professor (Agronomy) Department of Rice Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore – 641 003. Efficient Resource Utilization.

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Presentation on theme: "Subbalakshmi Lokanadhan Professor (Agronomy) Department of Rice Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore – 641 003. Efficient Resource Utilization."— Presentation transcript:

1 Subbalakshmi Lokanadhan Professor (Agronomy) Department of Rice Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore – 641 003. Efficient Resource Utilization in SRI Method of Rice (CORH3) Cultivation – An Analysis

2 MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Standard MethodsSRI Type of NurseryWet nurseryModified mat nursery Seed rate (kg ha -1 )205 Seedling age for transplanting (days) 218 Seedlings hill -1 21 Spacing (cm)20 x 1025 x 25 Weed management Hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT Rotary/ cono -weeder 3x to uproot/incorporate weeds Water management Cyclic submergence of water up to 2.5cm height through out the cropping period Irrigation on appearance of hairline cracks up to PI; 1-2 cm after PI to 15 days before harvest Nutrient management Recommended fertilizer dose of NPK (150:60:60 Kg ha -1 ) Azolla (750 Kg ha -1 )+ Compost (2.5 tha -1 ) + 50% recommended dose of N, P and K. Application of N based on LCC value MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SRI / STANDARD METHOD

3 CORH 3: Salient Features ParticularsCORH 3 ParentageTNAU CMS 2A / CB 87 R Duration (days)115 1000grain weight (g)22 Grain type Medium slender white fine rice Morphological characters HabitSemi-dwarf Leaf sheathGreen PanicleLong, compact, drooping Rice colourWhite

4 GROWTH PARAMETERSTilleringP.I.FloweringMaturity Plant Height (cm) SRI58697778 Standard44668183 C.D.(0.05)5.08NS2.762.10 Tillers/hill (No.) Standard9887 SRI15232625 C.D.(0.05)1221 Tillers/m 2 (No.) Standard440400394 SRI238364402 C.D.(0.05)2037NS Dry Matter Production (t/ha) Standard3.546.658.239.49 SRI1.054.5310.1311.01 C.D.(0.05)0.270.630.580.98

5 SRI system of rice cultivation recorded higher values of tillers at tillering (15), PI (23) flowering (26) and maturity (25) compared to standard method, recording 9 tillers/hill at tillering, 8 each at PI and flowering, and 7 tillers/hill at maturity Tillers/m 2 was higher in standard method recording 440/m 2 at tillering, 400/m 2 at PI, while SRI recorded higher tiller number of 402/m 2 at flowering and maturity Plant height was higher in standard method at tillering (58cm) and PI (69cm), and higher in SRI with 81cm at flowering and 83 cm at maturity SRI dry matter production was higher at flowering (10.13 t/ha) and maturity (11.0 t/ha) compared standard method

6 Method20 DAT40 DAT Weed population/m 2 Weed dry weight (kg/ha) Weed population/m 2 Weed dry weight (kg/ha) SRI14.059.484.176.04 Standard12.137.906.5812.90 C.D. (0.05)0.710.370.450.75 WEED POPULATION AND DRY WEIGHT SRI recorded 14.05/m 2 (20 DAT) and 4.17 no/m 2 (40 DAT) standard method recorded 12.13/m 2 and 6.58/m 2 respectively At 20 DAT, SRI contributed to higher weed dry weight (9.48 kg/ha) at 20 DAT, while it was lower (6.04 kg/ha) at 40 DAT.

7 MethodTilleringP. I.FloweringMaturity Root length (cm) SRI28.931.037.836.5 Standard24.124.422.422.0 C.D. (0.05)1.72.55.55.2 Root volume (cc) SRI13.322.233.732.5 Standard10.812.314.812.4 C.D. (0.05)1.224.53.5 Root biomass (kg/ha) SRI67911101212985 Standard334184028132360 C.D. (0.05)54125324318 ROOT CHARACTERISTICS

8 SRI recorded higher root length compared to standard method at all stages of crop growth SRI recorded root volume of 13.3 cc at tillering, 22.2 cc at PI, 33.7 cc at flowering, and 32.5 cc at maturity Higher root biomass was measured of 1840 kg/ha at PI, 2813 kg/ha at flowering, and 2360 kg/ha at maturity -- compared to standard methods At tillering stage, standard methods recorded higher root biomass of 679 kg/ha compared to 334 kg/ha in SRI method

9 MethodTilleringPanicle Initiation Flowering Leaf Area Index Standard4.404.784.16 SRI1.823.654.44 C.D. (0.05)0.370.440.56 Net Assimilation Rate (mg cm -2 day -1 ) Standard0.170.220.03 SRI0.170.260.04 C.D. (0.05)NS0.020.008 Crop Growth Rate (g m -2 day -1 ) Standard21.3027.632.65 SRI21.4336.953.23 C.D. (0.05)NS4.010.51 PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS

10 SRI system recorded 1.82 LAI at tillering, 3.65 LAI at PI, and 4.44 at flowering, while standard methods recorded 4.40, 4.78 and 4.16 LAI in the respective stages SRI recorded higher crop growth rate of 36.95 g m -2 day -1 at flowering phase, and 3.23 g m -2 day -1 at maturity phase The net assimilation rate was 0.026 mg cm -2 day -1 at flowering phase, and 0.04 mg cm -2 day -1 at maturity phase

11 MethodFungi (x 10 4 ) Hetero- trophic bacteria (x 10 7 ) Fluorescent pseudo- monades (x 10 6 ) Phospho- bacteria (x 10 6 ) Standard2.11.41.66.3 SRI4.21.42.96.8 MICROBIAL POPULATION AT FLOWERING STAGE (no. of CFU g-1) SRI system of rice cultivation recorded higher microbial population of 4.2 x 10 4 (fungi), 1.4 x 10 7 (heterotrophic bacteria), 2.9 x 10 6 (fluorescent pseudomonades), and 6.8 x 10 6 (phosphobacteria) Rice grown with standard methods recorded 2.1 x 10 4 (fungi), 1.4 x 10 7 (heterotrophic bacteria), 1.6 x 10 6 (fluorescent pseudomonades), and 6.3 x 10 6 (phosphobacteria ) at flowering stage.

12 MethodN (kg/ha)P (kg/ha)K (kg/ha) Initial Soil Sample 209*15.80*559* Post-harvest Soil Sample Standard198*17.4*506.50* SRI206*18.58*506.75* C.D. (0.05)7.250.67NS Uptake (post-harvest) Standard75.921.4106 SRI95.524.6115 C.D. (0.05)8.22.07.5 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS * available nutrients

13 Method Pani- cle length (cm) Pani- cle weight (g) Spike- lets / panicle (no.) Filled grains/ panicle (no.) Steri- lity (%) 1000- grain weight (g) Stan- dard 21.872.5422712722.12 SRI23.052.8824018922.39 C.D. (0.05) 0.810.301624NS0.1 YIELD-CONTRIBUTING ATTRIBUTES Among the yield parameters, panicle length, panicle weight, spikelets/panicle, and filled grains/panicle recorded higher values in SRI (23.05 cm, 2.88 g, 240, and 189) compared to 21.87cm, 2.54g, 227 and 127 with standard methods of transplanting.

14 MethodB.C.RatioHarvest Index Cost of Cultivation Standard2.420.4019,120 Rs. SRI2.740.4220,150 Rs. C.D. (0.05)-0.08- YIELD CHARACTERISTICS

15 VarietiesCORH 3ADT 43 Crop duration (days)115 Grain yield (kg/ha)7,2504,500 Straw yield (kg/ha)8,5905,340 Energy use efficiency (%)9.687.50 Nutrient use efficiency (%)50.232.6 Water use efficiency (kg/mm/ha) 7.074.40 Per day productivity (g)6339 Total input energy (MJ/ha) 23,290 23,938 Total output energy (MJ/ha)225,596179,658 Efficiency of natural resources by CORH 3 in SRI method of cultivation

16 Key factors Operation of conoweeder and Churning of the soil Square planting Young seedling

17 CONCLUSION SRI method of rice cultivation is an efficient in natural resource utilization, especially with CORH 3

18

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