1. I SLAND & I SLANDED G RIDS W HY F AST -A CTING D ISPATCHABLE L OADS ARE E SSENTIAL FOR H IGH P ENETRATION R ENEWABLE S YSTEMS 25 A UGUST 2015 K ORD F. C HRISTIANSON, C.E.M., C.S.D.P P RESIDENT, TDX P OWER /TDX E NERGY

2. TDX P OWER B LOWING T OWARDS E NERGY S ELF -S UFFICIENCY 25 August 2015 2

3. TDX P OWER – U TILITY L OCATIONS 25 August 2015 3

4. 4

5. R ENEWABLE P ERCEPTION BY U TILITIES ? 25 August 2015 5

6. 6 Renewable Power Generation Characteristics 25 August 2015

7. P ARADIGM S HIFT - E NERGY OR P OWER ? 25 August 2015 7

8. B ALANCING G ENERATION & L OADS 25 August 2015 8

9. TDX H IGH P ENETRATION W IND -D IESEL 25 August 2015 9

10. TDX S T P AUL H IGH W IND P ENETRATION R ESULTS 10 25 August 2015

11. S T. P AUL 80% R ENEWABLE BY 2020 25 August 2015 11

12. B ARRIERS TO H IGH R ENEWABLE D EVELOPMENT ? Paradigm Shift: High Renewable Penetration can and is being done today FAST DISPATCHABLE LOADS ARE ESSENTIAL FOR CONTROL Be creative identifying fast dispatchable loads Normal Power AND UTILIZATION of intermittent dispatchable renewable power/energy Curtailment should become a legacy of the past Utilize stranded resources Who owns, operates, and maintains dispatchable loads Renewable Combined Heat, Power and Transportation (RCHPT) The Utility as a facilitator of renewables 25 August 2015 12

13. 13 25 August 2015

14. Q UESTIONS ? Kord Christianson kord@tdxpower.com 907-762-8450 www.tdxpower.com 25 August 2015 14