1. PROTESTANT ENGLAND AND ITS GROWING EMPIRE The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther John Calvin Henry VIII Queen Elizabeth Roanoke Island

2. The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther: 1517 and the 95 theses Martin Luther: 1517 and the 95 theses –Protested Catholic corruption, wealth, power –Translated Bible into German –God’s grace, not Priest, path to salvation. John Calvin: Geneva John Calvin: Geneva –Predestination, the “Elect.” Protestant Ethic Protestant Ethic –Individualistic, democratic –Hard Work, Thrift, Temperance –Max Weber:Prot. Ethic and Spirit of Capitalism

3. Martin Luther

4. Wittenberg Church: 1517

5. Protestant England Expands Henry VIII: divorces Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII: divorces Catherine of Aragon Starts Church of England: 1534 Starts Church of England: 1534 –Protestant w/ many Catholic ceremonies –Puritans / Separatist want pure Protestantism Queen Elizabeth: Head of Church Queen Elizabeth: Head of Church –Sir Francis Drake, “The Sea Dog” –Wins war with Spanish Armada (1588) –England tries to take over Ireland

6. Henry VIII: 1534

7. Elizabeth I: 1558-1603

8. England and the New World John Cabot explores Newfoundland 1497 John Cabot explores Newfoundland 1497 –Sebastian Cabot: Hudson Bay 1508 England claims North America England claims North America –Elizabeth avoids American colonization Push/Pull from England 1580-1650: pop Push/Pull from England 1580-1650: pop –explosion, city poverty, primogenitor, religious freedom, land, escape troubles, new life Propaganda: Richard Hakluyt: get rich Propaganda: Richard Hakluyt: get rich Roanoke Island: Sir Walter Raleigh Roanoke Island: Sir Walter Raleigh –First colony fails –Second colony vanishes 1590

9. Roanoke Island: South Carolina

10. Roanoke Mystery: