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Contact in the New World

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Presentation on theme: "Contact in the New World"— Presentation transcript:

1 Contact in the New World

2 Why Explore in 15th Century?
1. Improvements in technology Renaissance Printing Press 2. Religious Conflict Catholic victory in Spain Protestant Reformation 1517 John Calvin Counter-Reformation Church of England 3. Political/Economic Nation-States Competition of markets Population increase

3 Religious Split Chart Jesuit Catholic Church Franciscan Dominicans
Protestants (M. Luther) Anglicans (Church of England) Calvinists (predestination) Quakers=“tremble at the name of the Lord”, 1650s, rejected predestination and original sin, “inner light” = have divinity w/in Puritans (Pilgrims) Separatist sects Quakers

4 Contact West Africa (Portuguese 1st) Americas 1. Spanish
Throughout Caribbean, America & MX to Chile Columbus (Italian but sent by Spain)—1492, San Salvador in West Indies & Hispaniola Balboa—Isthmus of Panama Magellan—S.A. tip to Philippines Verranzano—coast of N.A. Cortez—1519 Mexico, subjugated Aztecs Sugar Plantations, sheep, cattle, gold & silver mines Defeat of Spanish Armada 1588 Mestizo, Mulatto, Criollo, Peninsulares

5 2. French 3. Dutch 4. English Cartier up St. Lawrence, 1541
Champlain, 1608 Quebec Relations w/ natives Fur trading Louisiana Weaknesses of French Colonization 3. Dutch 1614 Fort Nassau (Albany) & New Netherlands 1626 Manhattan from Indians, New Amsterdam 4. English Not until late 16th Century…why?

6 Why? No central power King Henry had no standing Army
Unlike Spanish, Tudors of England not interested in religious crusades Practiced colonization in Ireland 1560s & 1570s English “superiority” Protestant vs. Catholic Sirs Humphrey Gilbert, Richard Grenville, and Walter Raleigh (Roanoke) later went on to N.A.

7 English Monarchy Primogeniture
Tudor Monarchs ( ) Mary I (r ) Elizabeth I (r ) Edward VI (r ) -severed ties w/ Catholic Church -Brought ~ Church of England -Encouraged “Sea Dogs to raid Spanish treasure ships (e.g. Drake)

8 English Monarchy Primogeniture Continued
Stuart Monarchs -antagonized Puritans -favored Catholics

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