1. Impact of the Crisis on Children in Europe Yekaterina Chzhen ychzhen@unicef.org;ychzhen@unicef.org ChildONEurope Seminar Paris - November 26, 2015

2. UNICEF Report Card 12: Children of the Recession 41 countries in the EU and/or OECD 32 European countries

3. League Table 1: Change in (anchored) child poverty between 2008 and 2012 RankCountry Change (2008-2012) 1Chile-8.7 2Poland-7.9 3Australia-6.3 4Slovakia-5.6 5Switzerland-4.8 6Norway-4.3 7Republic of Korea-3.4 8Finland-3.2 9Turkey-2.8 10Japan-2.7 11Canada-2.4 12Romania-2.3 13Belgium-0.8 13Sweden-0.8 15Austria-0.7 16New Zealand-0.4 17Czech Republic-0.4 18Germany-0.2 19Israel0.6 20Bulgaria0.6 20Malta0.6 22Netherlands1.0 22Portugal1.0 24Denmark1.1 25United Kingdom1.6 26Slovenia1.8 27United States2.1 28Cyprus2.7 29Hungary2.9 30France3.0 31Mexico5.0 32Estonia5.1 33Italy5.7 34Luxembourg6.5 35Spain8.1 36Lithuania8.3 37Ireland10.6 38Croatia11.8 39Latvia14.6 40Greece17.5 41Iceland20.4 Largest relative increase in child poverty: Iceland (+182%) Greece (+76%) Croatia (+75%) Highest level of child poverty in 2012: Greece (40.5%) Latvia (38.2%) Spain (36.3%) Largest net increase in the number of poor children: Mexico (+2 million) United States (+1.7 million) Spain (+0.8 million)

4. League Table 1: Change in (anchored) child poverty between 2008 and 2013 Child poverty increased in 19 out of 32 European countries Worst affected country groups: The Mediterranean The Baltics Ireland/Iceland Highest child poverty rates in 2013: Greece (52%) Latvia (36%) Italy (32%) Source: EU-SILC (Eurostat). *National data sources; 2008-2012.

5. Child poverty vs elderly poverty (2008- 2013) Source: EU-SILC (Eurostat). Child poverty increased in 18 countries; elderly poverty increased in 7 countries.

6. Child poverty vs elderly poverty (2008- 2013): change in child poverty – change in elderly poverty Source: EU-SILC (Eurostat). In nearly all countries (26/32), child poverty increased faster or fell more slowly than elderly poverty between 2008 and 2013.

7. Child poverty in lone parent families (2008-2012) In more than one-third of EU countries, child poverty increased faster (or decreased more slowly) in lone parent families. Source: EU-SILC (Eurostat).

8. Source: Innocenti Report Card 12 League Table 2: Change in the NEET rate among 15-24-year-olds RankCountry change (2008- 2013) 1Turkey-11.5 2Germany-2.1 3Japan-1.5 4Luxembourg-1.2 5Mexico-0.4 6Sweden-0.3 7Austria0.0 7Canada0.0 9New Zealand0.8 10Switzerland0.8 11Israel0.9 12France1.0 12Iceland1.0 14Ireland1.2 14Latvia1.2 14Republic of Korea1.2 14United Kingdom1.2 18Chile1.5 18Finland1.5 18Norway1.5 21Denmark1.7 21Malta1.7 21Netherlands1.7 24Australia2.3 25Lithuania2.3 26Czech Republic2.4 27Belgium2.6 27Estonia2.6 27Slovakia2.6 30Slovenia2.7 31United States3.0 32Poland3.2 33Hungary3.9 33Portugal3.9 35Bulgaria4.2 36Spain4.3 37Italy5.6 37Romania5.6 39Croatia8.5 40Greece8.9 41Cyprus9.0 Largest relative increase in NEET: Cyprus (+93%) Croatia (+84%) Greece (+76%) Highest level of NEET in 2013: Turkey (25.5%) Italy (22.2%) Bulgaria (21.6%) Largest net increase in the number of NEETs: United States (+1.4 million) Italy (+0.3 million) Mexico (+0.2 million)

9. Employment of young people deteriorated, especially in affected countries Most affected – Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain Moderately affected – Austria, Belgium, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Japan, Malta, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, the UK, the US Least affected – Australia, Bulgaria, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Luxembourg, Mexico, Norway, Poland, Republic of Korea, Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey Source: Innocenti Report Card 12

10. …even during periods of economic growth in the past social spending has been in decline Social spending stagnant despite high GDP growth Social protection spending (as share of total spending) increased in 2008, but family- and child-related spending as share of social protection declined (blue bars)

11. Summary Child poverty increased in 23/41 rich countries during the Great Recession Net increase of 2.6m children living in poverty across 41 EU/OECD countries between 2008 and 2012 76.5m children in total live in poverty in these affluent countries Young people have been most affected by crisis 7.5m youth are NEET in the EU, an increase of 1m NEET rates increased in 28/32 Coe countries Before the crisis social spending stagnant in most countries despite high growth During crisis initial expansionary policy followed by austerity Ability of state to reduce child poverty changed significantly from 2010 Some countries, despite circumstances, did protect children

12. Make an explicit commitment to end child poverty in developed countries. Prioritize the well-being of children in responses to the recession. Rescue, prevent, and give hope. Eliminate extreme levels of poverty. Increase investment in social protection policies. Smooth the transition from school to work. Produce better data for informed public debate. Improve the availability, timelines and usefulness of information on child well-being. Innocenti Report Card 12 Children in the Developed World Recommendations