1. Lab Techniques

2. Instrument Precision  Record all available digits from a measurement instrument plus one estimated digit 5.75 cm

3. Practice Precision 1. Measure the width of your notebook paper in centimeters 26.65 cm estimated digit 2. Measure the distance between two blue lines in millimeters 7.0 mm estimated digit

4. Measuring Mass

5. Zero the Balance

7. 3 Mass Techniques  Measuring mass directly  Measuring out a substance  Finding mass by difference

8. Measuring Volume  Regular Solid  V = L x W x H  Irregular solid  Water displacement method  Liquids  Graduated cylinder  Buret

9. Water Displacement Method

10. Reading the Meniscus

11. Units for Volume  cm 3 or milliliter  Regular Solid: cm x cm x cm = cm 3  1 cm 3 is equivalent to 1 mL

12. Lab Techniques  Decanting  Filtering  Lighting a Bunsen Burner

13. Decanting  Separating a liquid from a solid (large particles) by pouring off the liquid

14. Filtering  Separating a solid (small particles) from a liquid through filter paper and a funnel  To make the funnel, fold filter paper in half, in half again, then separate one fold from the rest http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZvxaFCR2-bY

15. Lighting a Bunsen Burner  Connect hose to gas outlet.  Have a match ready (do not light yet).  Turn on gas. Listen for gas flow.  Strike match and hold it above the burner to light.  Blow out match.  Adjust the air vent on the burner to produce a blue cone in the flame with no yellow tip. When finished:  Turn off gas.  Disconnect hose.

16. Clean Up Checklist  Wet the match head to cool and throw away.  Throw away wooden sticks.  Pour any water down the drain.  Dump wet sand into the trash.  Wipe down lab counter.  Straighten and organize lab equipment.  Wash your hands.