1. NITROGEN & PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM GROUNDWATER LITTLE BOGUE, MS. CONSTRUCTED NOVEMBER 2009

2. RS2 Test Site: Little Bogue, Elliott, MS On the narrow mid-bank bench (average width 8- 10 ft, approx. 8 ft above the streamside floodplain bench), a trench a bucket wide (1.0 ft) was dug to a depth of 4 ft. This should intercept a large amount of shallow groundwater.

3. Research Monitoring & Analysis Hydrolab used to measure DO, ORP, temp, conductivity, turbidity & pH Lab measurement of ortho-P, NO 3 -N, TOC, alkalinity and NH 3 -N

4. Colorado State Field Lab Nitrogen Removal Results

5. Colorado State Field Lab Phosphorus Removal Results

6. Aerial view with approximate research project trench location in yellow & control section (trench not dug) in pink. PRE-PROJECT - RS2 PROJECT-LITTLE BOGUE FROM RED HEN VIDEO

7. RS2 Test Site: Little Bogue, Elliott, MS There is a 75 ft long control section (nothing done, no trench, just monitoring instruments), and a 150 ft long test trench section. Within the downstream 75 ft of the test trench, three 25 ft-long test plots of adventitious rooting poles of Black Willow, Sycamore, & River Birch were placed, spacing varied from 1 to 2 ft.

8. RS2 Test Site: Little Bogue, Elliott, MS For the test section shovels were used to backfill the trench with a mix of 20% (by volume) Aluminum Sulfate, xx% mulch, and the remainder native soil from the trench. This effectively planted the live poles to a depth of 4 ft.

9. RS2 Test Site: Little Bogue, Elliott, MS Monitoring instruments determine performance of the control and planted & not planted test sections. Instruments at different depths will determine if some groundwater is bypassing the test trench.

10. RS2 Test Site: Little Bogue, Elliott, MS According to the CSU laboratory tests, the Aluminum Sulfide and carbon (mulch) should greatly reduce the Nitrogen & Phosphorus load to the stream.

11. Install instrumentation as required. Monitor for long-term project performance. 200 ft RS2 Test Site: Little Bogue, Elliott, MS - aerial view

12. Looking US @ entrance conditions into project bend. Note floodplain bench & mid-bank bench where the test will occur. PRE-PROJECT - RS2 PROJECT-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 4-2-08

13. Looking US @ the mid-bank bench where the test will be conducted. Control area in pink, test trench location in black. PRE-PROJECT - RS2 PROJECT-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 4-2-08

14. LET’S DO SOME RESEARCH !!

15. Two bags of Aluminum Sulfate for each bag of Eucalyptus mulch CONSTRUCTION-RS2 PROJECT-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 11-19-08

16. Hand labor is used to mix Aluminum Sulfate & mulch into backfill. Next time an excavator will be used to mix and backfill, we are learning!! No plantings in this first 75 ft. CONSTRUCTION-RS2 PROJECT-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 11-19-08

17. Trench was dug to a consistent depth of 4 ft for entire length CONSTRUCTION-RS2 PROJECT-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 11-19-08 John McCullah says, “Dig a hole, plant a pole!!”

18. Looking US @ seeded & mulched trench, berm, & plantings. CONSTRUCTION-RS2 PROJECT-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 11-19-08

19. MONITORING INSTRUMENT INSTALLATION PHOTOS BY CHESTER WATSON JANUARY 12, 2009

20. Dr. Biedenharn with some of the monitoring instruments. MONITORING INSTRUMENT INSTALL-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY WATSON 1-12-09

21. Looking US @ test site. Excellent planted grass coverage. MONITORING INSTRUMENT INSTALL-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY WATSON 1-12-09

22. Looking US @ the test area. Great rye grass growth on all disturbed areas. MONITORING INSTRUMENT INSTALL-LITTLE BOGUE PIX BY WATSON 1-12-09

23. 7 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Photos by Derrick JULY 3, 2009 TAKING SOIL SAMPLES

24. Looking US @ test site. Excellent planted grass coverage. 7 MONTHS AFTER TRENCHING-LITTLE BOGUE PIX DERRICK 7-3-2009

25. Looking US @ the test site. All planted poles died except for one willow!!! 7 MONTHS AFTER TRENCHING-LITTLE BOGUE PIX DERRICK 7-3-2009

26. Close-up of the one willow that lived. 7 MONTHS AFTER TRENCHING-LITTLE BOGUE PIX DERRICK 7-3-2009

27. Looking downhill at one of the monitoring wells. 7 MONTHS AFTER TRENCHING-LITTLE BOGUE PIX DERRICK 7-3-2009

28. Ground water & soil sampling protocol from Dr. Ken Carlson, Colorado State University.

29. Tools used to take a soil sample 16 inches below the surface. 7 MONTHS AFTER TRENCHING-LITTLE BOGUE PIX DERRICK 7-3-2009

30. Very dry for the top 7 inches or so in each of the 15 soil sample holes 7 MONTHS AFTER TRENCHING-LITTLE BOGUE PIX DERRICK 7-3-2009

31. Man’s best friend, Cleophus Speed Elvis Derrick