1. 3 Unit 1 Section A Never, ever give up!
FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS
AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY 1

2. Genius is 1% inspiration, 99% perspiration
Genius is 1% inspiration, 99% perspiration. Accordingly, a “genius” is often merely a
talented person who has done all of his or her homework.
—Thomas Edison (American inventor)
Do the best you can in every task, no matter how unimportant it may seem at the time.
—Sandra Day O’Connor (American jurist) 3 1
UNIT 1
The way to success
UNIT 2

3. Section A The way to success 3 1 Never, ever give up!
UNIT
Section A
Never, ever give up!
To talk about the secret of success
Objectives
To further understand the text
To apply the phrases and patterns
To master the essay writing skill

4. Contents Never, ever give up! Warming-up activities Text study
Section A
Warming-up activities
Text study
Language application
Summary

5. Never, ever give up! Warming-up activities Lead-in
Section A
Warming-up activities
Lead-in
Pre-reading activities
Cultural background

6. Lead-in Short answer questions 1. What is success?
To live your life the way you want to live it
To earn money, power, and fame
To be surrounded by people you admire and respect
To achieve your dreams, desires, hopes, wishes, etc.
A successful man is one who can lay a firm foundation with the bricks others have thrown at him.

7. Lead-in Short answer questions
2. What do you think are the secrets of success?
A strong will and adequate preparation
Determination and persistence
Well begun is half done.
When you want success as badly as you wanted air, you will get it.

8. Listen and talk
Pre-reading activities
Listen to a talk about steps to make your dreams come true. Fill in the blanks based on what you hear.
1 As long as you are committed to your goals and you are ___________ about your dreams, you will __________ accomplish them.
2 To accomplish ________ results in your life, you have to be 100 percent committed and you must be willing to ________ your time and effort.
passionate
eventually
amazing
sacrifice
3 What are the three steps that you should follow to achieve success?
1) _________________
2) ________________
3) ________________
Map your goals out
Believe in yourself
Take action

9. 1. Why do most people fail to achieve success in the end?
Listen and talk
Pre-reading activities
1. Why do most people fail to achieve success in the end?
2. Can you think of any other helpful steps that can
be taken to make your dream come true?
Listen to the talk again and discuss the following questions.

10. 1. Why do most people fail to achieve success in the end?
Listen and talk
Pre-reading activities
1. Why do most people fail to achieve success in
the end?
Not have the passion;
Not clear about what they want;
Not know the exact destination that they want to reach;
Not focus on what they want.

11. 2. Can you think of any other helpful steps that can
Listen and talk
Pre-reading activities
2. Can you think of any other helpful steps that can
be taken to make your dream come true?
First, to learn to adopt suitable strategies;
Second, to realize the significance of learning;
Finally, to create or find opportunities rather than wait for opportunities to find us.

12. Compound dictation
Pre-reading activities
Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.
We cannot travel every path. Success must be won along one line. We must make our business the one life purpose to which every other must be ___________. I hate a thing done by halves. If it be right, do it boldly. If it be wrong, leave it undone. The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size. _________ in their work they did it.
subordinate
Absorbed
To be continued

13. Compound dictation
Pre-reading activities
Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.
They did it so well that the wondering world sees them to be great, and ________ them accordingly. To live with a high ideal is a successful life. It is not what one does, but what one tries to do, that makes a man strong. “Eternal vigilance,” it has been said, “is the price of ________.” With equal truth it may be said, “Unceasing effort is the price of success.”
labeled
liberty
To be continued

14. dependent indispensable
Compound dictation
Pre-reading activities
Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.
If we do not work with our might, others will; and they will outstrip us in the race, and pluck the prize from our grasp. Success grows less and less ___________ on luck and chance. Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures. The great and _____________ help to success is character. Character is a crystallized habit, the result of training and conviction.
dependent
indispensable
To be continued

15. architect irresponsible
Compound dictation
Pre-reading activities
Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.
Every character is influenced by heredity, environment and education. But these apart, if every man were not to be a great extent the _________ of his own character, he would be a fatalist, and ____________ creature of circumstances. Instead of saying that man is a creature of circumstance, it would be nearer the mark to say that man is the architect of circumstance.
architect
irresponsible
To be continued

16. Compound dictation
Pre-reading activities
Listen to a short passage on success and fill in the missing information.
From the same materials one man builds ________, another hovel. Bricks and mortar are mortar and bricks, until the architect can make them something else. The true way to gain much is never to ______ to gain too much. Wise men don’t care for what they can’t have.
palaces
desire

17. 1. What do you know about public schools in the UK?
Cultural background
Public schools in the UK & US
Questions Previewing
1. What do you know about public schools in the UK?
2. What do you know about public schools in the US?
Tips

18. What do you know about public schools in the UK?
Cultural background
Public schools in the UK & US
What do you know about public schools in the UK?
Eton, Harrow, Winchester, etc.;
Independent of the state system;
Educate secondary-level students for a fee;
Evolved from an institution of the late European Middle Ages or Renaissance;
Curriculum placed heavy emphasis on the Greek and Roman classics.

19. 2. What do you know about public schools in the US?
Cultural background
Public schools in the UK & US
2. What do you know about public schools in the US?
Elementary or secondary schools mandated for all children by the government;
Paid, in part or in whole, by public funding from taxation;
Institutions of post-secondary education overseen by government.

20. Never, ever give up! Text study Main idea & structure Language focus
Section A
Main idea & structure
Language focus
Critical thinking
Text study

21. Main ideas of the parts Para. 1
Main idea & structure
Para. 1
As a young boy, Winston Churchill attended a public school called _______. Though not a good student, he did finish at Harrow and went on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career and was elected prime minister. His amazing _____________ helped motivated his entire nation and was an __________ worldwide.
Harrow
determination
inspiration

22. Main ideas of the parts
Main idea & structure
What did Churchill say when he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow? (Para.2)
Tips
Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never! 22

23. Main ideas of the parts Part I — Paras. 1 – __ 2
Main idea & structure
Part I — Paras. 1 – __ 2
By using Winston Churchill’s story and his speech at Harrow as an introduction to the topic, the text makes clear its statement: the secret of success is “____________”.
Never give up

24. Main ideas of the parts
Main idea & structure
What can the examples of Einstein, Edison and Abraham Lincoln illustrate? (Paras.3-4)
Tips
Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas – none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. 24

25. What can the example of Sandra Day O’Connor illustrate? (Paras. 5-6)
Main ideas of the parts
Main idea & structure
What can the example of Sandra Day O’Connor illustrate? (Paras. 5-6)
Tips
Keep their eyes on the prize;
Uphold a committed and focused will and spirit;
Have the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently. 25

26. Main ideas of the parts Para. 7
Main idea & structure
Para. 7
The secret of success is based upon a burning _____________ – a robust, fierce will and focus – that fuels the _____________ to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail. It’s not how many times you fall down that matters. It’s how many times you ___________ that makes success!
inward desire
determination
get back up 26

27. _______________ to keep going, will finally succeed. strong will
Main ideas of the parts
Main idea & structure
Part II — Paras. 3 – 7
Through the examples of world famous scientists, statesman, and jurist, the text brings forward the statement that only those with a __________, those who “keep their eyes on the prize”, and those who __________
_______________ to keep going, will finally succeed.
strong will
expend the
substantial effort

28. What is the conclusion of the text? (Para. 8)
Main ideas of the parts
Main idea & structure
What is the conclusion of the text? (Para. 8)
Tips
Where there’s a will, there’s a way;
Hard work, determination dedication and preparation;
Transcend handicap;
Accomplish any feat and achieve success. 28

29. Main ideas of the parts Part III — Para. 8
Main idea & structure
Part III — Para. 8
By reinforcing the statement given in part II, the text draws the conclusion that with hard work, _____________, dedication and preparation, you can _________ any handicap, accomplish any feat, and ______________.
determination
transcend
achieve success

30. Introduction Structure of the text Main idea & structure
Churchill managed to be a successful man although
he was not a good student when he was young. (Para. 1)
“Never give up” is the speech given by Churchill to
young boys in his old school. (Para. 2)

31. Introduction Illustration Structure of the text The examples of
Main idea & structure
Introduction
Illustration
The examples of
Einstein, Edison, and
Lincoln can well
illustrate that
nothing can inhibit a
strong spirit
committed to
success. (Paras. 3-4)
The example of
Sandra Day
O’Connor shows
that only those who
“keep their eyes on
the prize” will find
their endeavors
successful.
(Paras. 5-6)
Without substantial
effort, only saying
that they want
something will not
bring success to
people. (Para. 7)

32. Introduction Illustration Conclusion Structure of the text
Main idea & structure
Introduction
Illustration
Conclusion
With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success. (Para. 8)

33. Introduction Illustration Conclusion Structure of the text
Main idea & structure
Introduction
Illustration
Conclusion

34. Never, never, never, never
Summary of the text
Main idea & structure
Never, ever give up!
When invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow, Britain’s great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill gave this short, clear-cut speech: “Young men, ___________. Never give up! Never give up! _____________________!”
never give up
Never, never, never, never
To be continued

35. educational opportunity
Summary of the text
Main idea & structure
Personal history, ___________________, individual dilemmas – none of these can _____ a strong spirit committed to success. Take Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison and Abraham Lincoln as an example. Despite the immense obstacles and extreme criticism, their strong will, ________, dedication and determination enabled them to ___________ the overwhelming failures and profound difficulties in their lives.
educational opportunity
inhibit
optimism
triumph over
To be continued

36. committed and focused will
Summary of the text
Main idea & structure
Many artists, statesmen, writers and inventors achieved prosperity because they possessed a ______________________ to keep preparing and working and a passion to succeed.
Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not ___________
______________ required to achieve it. Many people let the threat of failure stop them from trying with all of their heart.
committed and focused will
expend the
substantial effort
To be continued

37. ________, ____________________, and achieve success! fuels
Summary of the text
Main idea & structure
The secret of success is based upon a burning inward desire that _____ the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when ________________. Focus on becoming more knowledgeable. Focus on _________________________. Maintain the strong will to keep going. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can _____________
________, ____________________, and achieve success!
fuels
we are tired and fail
gradual, consistent progress
transcend any handicap
accomplish any feat

38. Practical Phrases Specific Meanings
Language focus
Practical phrases
Practical Phrases
Specific Meanings
1. deviate from …
偏离，背离……
2. preclude sb. from doing …
阻止某人做……
3. triumph over …
战胜……
4. in (the) pursuit of …
追求……
5. work one’s way
to/through/into…
通过奋斗逐步达到
6. give up on …
放弃……
7. focus on …
专注于……

39. Practical phrases 短语应用 意群提示 偏离，背离…… 短语逆译 deviate from …
Language focus
Practical phrases
偏离，背离……
短语逆译
deviate from …
短语应用
有人生目标的人是永远不会偏离正确航向的。
意群提示
(life compass/correct course)
Those who have a life compass in their mind will never deviate from the correct course.

40. Practical phrases 短语应用 意群提示 preclude sb. from doing … 阻止某人做…… 短语逆译
Language focus
Practical phrases
preclude sb. from doing …
阻止某人做……
短语逆译
短语应用
有志者事竟成。
意群提示
(willing heart / to achieve success)
Nothing can preclude a willing heart from achieving success.

41. Practical phrases 短语应用 意群提示 战胜…… 短语逆译 triumph over …
Language focus
Practical phrases
战胜……
短语逆译
triumph over …
短语应用
中国人民只要万众一心，必将战胜任何困难，从而立足于世界之巅。
意群提示
(to work with one heart and one mind/to stand on top of the world)
As long as the Chinese people work with one heart and one mind, they will triumph over any difficulties and stand on top of the world.

42. Practical phrases 短语应用 意群提示 追求…… in (the) pursuit of … 短语逆译
Language focus
Practical phrases
追求……
短语逆译
in (the) pursuit of …
短语应用
一个国家在追求经济发展的同时，应当对环境保护给予足够重视。
意群提示
(to give due emphasis to)
While in pursuit of economic growth, a nation should give due emphasis to the protection of the environment.

43. Practical phrases 短语应用 意群提示 work one’s way to/through/into … 通过奋斗逐步达到
Language focus
Practical phrases
work one’s way to/through/into …
通过奋斗逐步达到
短语逆译
短语应用
通过激烈的竞争进入大学的同学们应当将大学教育作为人生奋斗的新起点而非终点。
意群提示
( to take … as / life endeavor )
Students who have fiercely worked their way into universities should take college education as a new starting point rather than the finishing line of their life endeavor.

44. Practical phrases 短语应用 意群提示 give up on … 放弃…… 短语逆译
Language focus
Practical phrases
give up on …
放弃……
短语逆译
短语应用
在地震过后的搜救工作中，解放军战士不放弃任何生命迹象。
意群提示
(search and rescue work/life signs)
In the search and rescue work after the earthquake, the PLA soldiers didn’t give up on any life signs.

45. Practical phrases 短语应用 意群提示 专注于…… 短语逆译 focus on …
Language focus
Practical phrases
专注于……
短语逆译
focus on …
短语应用
大学生应将主要精力专注于学习而不是各种令其分心的事物。
意群提示
(various distractions)
College students should focus most of their energy on studies rather than on various distractions.

46. Functional patterns Functional Patterns Functions & Usages
Language focus
Functional patterns
Functional Patterns
Functions & Usages
1. A, B, C – none of these be/do…
用于表达“对已知条件的否定”。
2. Sb. do sth., not because …, but
because …
用于表达“某人做某事的原因”。
3. It’s not … that matters. It’s …that be/do…
用于表达“对某事物最为重要的因素是……”。 46

47. 原句译文 逆译练习 Functional patterns
Language focus
Functional patterns
原句译文
个人经历、教育机会、个人困境，这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。
逆译练习
Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas— none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success.
句型提炼 47

48. 句型提炼 应用提示 Functional patterns A, B, C — none of these be/do…
Language focus
Functional patterns
句型提炼
A, B, C — none of these be/do…
应用提示
用于表达“对已知条件的否定”。
句型应用 48

49. Functional patterns 典型例句 意群提示 金钱、名誉、社会地位，这些都不应作为判断一个人是否成功的唯一标准。
Language focus
Functional patterns
典型例句
金钱、名誉、社会地位，这些都不应作为判断一个人是否成功的唯一标准。
意群提示
( to be regarded as/standard for )
Money, fame, social status — none of these should be regarded as the only standard for the judgment of one’s success.

50. 原句译文 逆译练习 Functional patterns 他们取得了成功，并不是因为成功很容易，而是因为他们拥有克服重重障碍的
Language focus
Functional patterns
原句译文
他们取得了成功，并不是因为成功很容易，而是因为他们拥有克服重重障碍的
意志，为了追求目标而勤奋努力。
逆译练习
They attained success, not because it was easy, but because they had the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently in the pursuit of their goals.
句型提炼 50

51. 句型提炼 应用提示 Functional patterns
Language focus
Functional patterns
句型提炼
Sb. do sth., not because …, but because …
应用提示
用于表达“某人做某事的原因”。
句型应用 51

52. Functional patterns 典型例句 意群提示 我选择厚道，不是因为我笨拙，而是因为我深信，厚德能载物。
Language focus
Functional patterns
典型例句
我选择厚道，不是因为我笨拙，而是因为我深信，厚德能载物。
意群提示
(honest and kind/ great virtue/hold the world)
I choose to be honest and kind, not because I am stupid, but because I firmly believe that great virtue holds the world.

53. 原句译文 逆译练习 Functional patterns 你摔倒了多少次并不要紧；你能多少次重新站起来对成功才至关重要！
Language focus
Functional patterns
原句译文
你摔倒了多少次并不要紧；你能多少次重新站起来对成功才至关重要！
逆译练习
It’s not how many times you fall down that matters. It’s how many times you get back up that makes success!”
句型提炼 53

54. 句型提炼 应用提示 Functional patterns
Language focus
Functional patterns
句型提炼
It’s not … that matters. It’s … that be/do…
应用提示
用于表达“对某事物最为重要的因素……”。
句型应用 54

55. Functional patterns 典型例句 意群提示 要获得成功，你现在的位置不重要，重要的是你前进的方向。
Language focus
Functional patterns
典型例句
要获得成功，你现在的位置不重要，重要的是你前进的方向。
意群提示
(current position/to head for)
It’s not where your current position is that matters. It’s where you are heading for that leads you to success.

56. Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
年轻人，要永不放弃。永不放弃！永不放弃！永不，永不，永不，永不！
a. Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never! (Para.2, L6)

57. Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
任务再苦，准备再长，难度再大，都不能放弃自己的追求。
b. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. (Para.3, L2)

58. Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
然而，坚强的意志鞭策着他，推动他前进，使他更加乐观、投入、坚毅。
c. Yet his strong will was the spur that pushed him forward, strengthening his optimism, dedication and determination. (Para.4, L6)

59. Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
只有那些“执着地追求成功”的人，那些保持始终如一的精神意志的人，才会通过自身的努力，获得成功。
d. Only those who “keep their eyes on the prize”, those who uphold a committed and focused will and spirit, will find their endeavors successful. (Para.5, L1)

60. Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
你摔倒了多少次并不要紧；你能多少次重新站起来对成功才至关重要！
e. It’s not how many times you fall down that matters. It’s how many times you get back up that makes success! (Para.7, L5)

61. Language appreciation
Language focus
Language appreciation
只要刻苦努力，意志坚决，专心投入，准备充分，你就能跨越一切障碍，达成所有壮举，取得成功！
f.With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success! (Para.8, L4)

62. Do you agree that there are times when it’s simply better to give up?
Critical thinking
Theme exploration
How do you understand the remark “It’s not how many times you fall down that matters. It’s how many times you get back up that makes success!”?
Do you agree that there are times when it’s simply better to give up?
How can we avoid wasting time and energy in achieving success?
Tips

63. Critical thinking
Theme exploration
How do you understand the remark “It’s not how many times you fall down that matters. It’s how many times you get back up that makes success!”?
You may have tried and failed many times before you finally get success. But it does not matter. What matters is whether you can summon up (鼓起) all your courage again and again to face the hardships standing in the way of success.

64. Critical thinking
Theme exploration
2. Do you agree that there are times when it’s simply better to give up?
When I have realized that I am pursuing
something that is hard to achieve, I would try
to stick to the goal. But I will begin to think
of what I can do to improve the situation.
When it still doesn’t work, I would try to
analyze what the problem is and then make
some changes and probably reset my goal.
To be continued

65. Critical thinking
Theme exploration
2. Do you agree that there are times when it’s simply better to give up?
Yes, sometimes we are pursuing the wrong
goal which can never be achieved, only to find
ourselves in deep frustration and profound
fatigue. In this situation, I may give up the
wrong goal and set up another goal that is
achievable.

66. 3. How can we avoid wasting time and energy in achieving success?
Critical thinking
Theme exploration
3. How can we avoid wasting time and energy in achieving success?
• Following the guidance of senior people.
• Getting sound advice from our parents.
• Setting a correct goal.
• Achieving success step by step.
• Developing good interpersonal relationships.

67. Critical thinking
Culture exploration
When talking about success, do you think there are any differences between the Chinese and the westerners?
Chinese believe that personal relationship is the most important factor to one’s success.
Chinese tend to equate power, fame and money to success.
Westerners believe that self-independence is a key to success.
Westerners tend to regard success as the realization of one’s self-value.

68. What do you think is the key to success?
Critical thinking
What do you think is the key to success?
Watch a video clip and discuss the question:
Tips
Video Watching

69. Critical thinking
Back

70. What do you think is the key to success?
Critical thinking
What do you think is the key to success?
I agree with what the speaker holds in the video clip, it is grit (坚韧不拔的意志). Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. It is a significant predictor of success. we need to possess a committed and focused will as well as grit to keep preparing and working towards the goal. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, we can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!

71. Never, ever give up! Language application Writing devices
Oral reproduction
Paragraph translation
Never, ever give up!
Section A

72. Develop an example essay
Writing devices
Essay writing
Develop an example essay
In an example essay, you support your point by illustrating it with examples. If, for instance, you make a statement and someone says to you, “Prove it”, what do you do? Most likely, you will provide an example or two to support your claim. Indeed, it is hard to write a good essay of any kind without using at least some examples. Good examples help to clarify your thought by making the general specific, and the abstract concrete. They also add interest and help to persuade or convince your readers.
to be continued

73. Guidelines for a successful example essay
Writing devices
Essay writing
Guidelines for a successful example essay
1. A wise selection of sufficient examples which are specific and typical, interesting and relevant. The examples may consist of either personal experiences or second-hand information from reliable sources.
2. An expert arrangement of these examples. Similar or related examples should be grouped together and arranged according to the order of time, space, or importance.

74. Writing devices
Essay writing
Take a look at Paragraphs 3 & 4 of Text A to see how examples are used to support the point:

75. Essay writing Writing devices
Topic sentence: Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas – none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success.
(Para. 3)
Further illustration: No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult (Para. 3)
Examples: Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison (Para. 3)
Another more detailed example: Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln, who faced substantial hardships, failures and repeated misfortunes in his lifetime (Para. 4)

76. Writing devices
Essay writing
Read the sample essay and see how the examples are developed and organized.

77. Thesis statement: Even though it is not easy
Writing devices
Essay writing
Topic:
Biological clocks
Introduction:
Thesis statement: Even though it is not easy
to explain why, scientists believe living things
must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset.
to be continued

78. Writing devices
Essay writing
Body:
1 Topic sentence: To start with, various 24-hour rhythms observed in people’s biological clocks can be adjusted.
Example: A traveler flying from New York to London can adjust his normal rhythms to London time.
to be continued

79. Writing devices
Essay writing
Body:
2 Topic sentence: The same kind of resetting also takes place in the biological clocks of animals and plants.
Example 1: The clock of an animal or plant can be set to the laboratory-produced hours of light and dark.
Example 2: Mussels can adjust to the tides of the new beach after being moved from the old one.
to be continued

80. Writing devices
Essay writing
Conclusion:
Biological clocks, in a way, serve as automatic internal “watches” for all living things.
to be continued

81. Writing devices
Essay writing
Sample:
Have you ever heard about “biological clock”, a popular term for an internal regulator responsible for various time-based responses in living things? Many scientists think all living things are able to act on a regular timetable. Even though it is not easy to explain why, scientists believe living things must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset.
to be continued

82. Writing devices
Essay writing
Sample:
To start with, various 24-hour rhythms observed in people’s biological clocks can be adjusted. The most obvious is the alternation of wakefulness with sleep. Disruption of the human built-in rhythms can temporarily upset the body. When a passenger flies across many time zones in a few hours, the discomfort, called “jet lag”, results. Let’s look at the example of a traveler flying from New York to London. In New York, his normal 24-hour rhythm of sleep and all his other important body activities are set to the eastern time of the United States.
to be continued

83. Writing devices
Essay writing
Sample:
However, when he gets to London, the day begins five hours earlier. The New Yorker’s rhythms are now out of step with London by about the same amount of time. In other words, his clock is still working for New York rather than London. However, within a few days his body rhythm will gradually shift into step with the time in England.
to be continued

84. Writing devices
Essay writing
Sample:
The same kind of resetting also takes place in the biological clocks of animals and plants. When a
biological clock is reset, activities can start and stop at any hour of the day. This may be shown in a simple experiment where an animal or plant is placed in a laboratory, shut off from outside natural light influences. Light is turned on during the daylight hours of some part of the world and turned off during the night hours. After a few such 24-hour days, the clock of the animal or plant will be set to the laboratory-produced hours of light and dark.
to be continued

85. Writing devices
Essay writing
Sample:
The same is true of mussels ( 贻贝) that are moved to a new beach. The tides rise and fall about six hours later than they do at the home beach. For a few days, the mussels open at the wrong time but always with the same amount of time between these openings. Finally, they will adjust to the rhythm of the new beach.
to be continued

86. Writing devices
Essay writing
Sample:
Thus, biological clocks, in a way, serve as automatic internal “watches” for all living things. But how the built-in biological clocks work remains a myth for humans. One can expect that in the near future there will be an even greater understanding of biological
clocks.

87. Writing practice Essay writing
Writing devices
Essay writing
Writing practice
Directions: Write an essay of no less than 2000 words on one of the following topics. One topic has an outline you can follow.

88. Topic: My troublesome apartment
Writing devices
Essay writing
Topic: My troublesome apartment
Introduction: Thesis statement: My apartment has given me
nothing but headaches.
Body:
Example 1: My landlord has been uncooperative.
Example 2: I also have problems with the janitor (大楼管理员).
Example 3: The worst trouble is with the neighbors who live above.
Conclusion: My apartment is surrounded by all these troubles,
which make me think about moving out.

89. • Over-dependence on computers • Colorful college life
Writing devices
Essay writing
More topics:
• Over-dependence on computers
• Colorful college life

90. Make a speech on the following topic.
Oral reproduction
Speech making
Make a speech on the following topic.
Suppose you are to give a speech on how to achieve success.

91. You can follow the outline given below.
Oral reproduction
Speech making
You can follow the outline given below.
Part I. Opening part of the speech
Your definition of success:
Realization of one’s self-value, hopes and
ideals vs. holding power, money, high
social status, and living luxurious life.
To be continued

92. You can follow the outline given below.
Oral reproduction
Speech making
You can follow the outline given below.
Part II. Illustration (How to achieve success)
1. A strong will committed to success (examples);
2. An achievable goal (examples);
3. Focused hard work and persistence (examples);
Part III. Conclusion
With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success.
To be continued

93. You may adopt the following expressions.
Oral reproduction
Speech making
You may adopt the following expressions.
in pursuit of …;
to fulfill one’s dreams/hopes/ideals, etc.;
to make great contribution to …;
never give up;
to uphold a committed and focused will and spirit;
a burning inward desire that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, and to keep going.

94. Paragraph translation
Translate a paragraph based on a summary of the text by using the expressions from the text.

95. Paragraph translation
很多人只是嘴上说他们想要什么东西，但并不真正地付出大量努力去实现。很多人因为害怕失败而不敢全心尝试。而成功的秘诀在于内心燃烧的欲望，从而激发行动的决心，即使疲惫，即使失败，也会继续准备，继续前进。
expend great effort
trying with all their heart
burning inward desire
fuels the determination
To be continued

96. Paragraph translation
focus on
专注于汲取更多的知识，争取持之以恒地渐进，保持永不言退的坚强意志。只要刻苦努力，意志坚决，专心投入，准备充分，你就能跨越一切障碍，达成所有壮举，取得成功！
gradual, consistent progress
transcend any handicap
accomplish any feat
Samples

97. Paragraph translation
Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not expend the substantial effort required to achieve it. Many people let the threat of failure stop them from trying with all of their heart. The secret of success is based upon a burning inward desire that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail. Focus on becoming more knowledgeable. Focus on gradual, consistent progress. Maintain the strong will to keep going. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!

98. the useful expressions the functional patterns
Thematic study
Summary
Revision of
the useful expressions
the functional patterns
Never, ever give up!
Section A

99. the useful expressions
Revision of
the useful expressions
Language points—Useful expressions
1 偏离，背离……
2 阻止某人做……
3 战胜……
4 追求……
5 通过奋斗逐步达到
6 放弃……
7 专注于……
8 移开；从……开除
9 认定……失败
10 充当；起作用
deviate from …
preclude sb. from doing …
triumph over ...
in the pursuit of …
work one’s way to/through/into …
give up on …
focus on …
remove … from …
write … off
act as

100. the useful expressions
Revision of
the useful expressions
Language points—Useful expressions
11 不足；不够好
12 为……而鞭笞……
13 赞颂……为/是……
14 付出努力去做……
15 内心燃烧的欲望
16 执着于……
17 跨越一切障碍
18 达成所有壮举
19 因……而成名
20 言简意赅的讲话
fall down
whip … for …
commend … as …
expend effort to do …
burning inward desire
keep one’s eyes on …
transcend any handicap
accomplish any feat
achieve fame for …
short, clear-cut speech

101. the functional patterns
Revision of
the functional patterns
Language points—Useful patterns
Functions & Usages
Sentence Patterns
1. 用于表达“对已知条件的
否定”。
2. 用于表达“某人做某事的
原因”。
3用于表达“对某事物最为
重要的因素是……”。
A, B, C – none of these be/do…
Sb. do sth., not because …, but because …
上面挤，下面空
It’s not … that matters. It’s … that be/do…

102. The end
Never, ever give up!
Section A