1.  starter activity Read the two accounts of the treatment of young people. How have attitudes changed?  Can you think of reasons why?

2. How did attitudes to prisons change over time? TBAT chart reforms to prisons from the late C19th to 1965 To identify and evaluate the factors that led to changes  Learning objectives  Key words: borstal probation

3.  Your task Read Godfrey & Lawrence, p.81-86 and answer these questions: Read Godfrey & Lawrence, p.81-86 and answer these questions: In what ways did penal system between 1895& 1914? In what ways did penal system between 1895& 1914? What factors encouraged these changes? What factors encouraged these changes? What effect did the growth of welfare provision have on crime & attitudes to crime? What effect did the growth of welfare provision have on crime & attitudes to crime? What are the differences between normalizing, correctional & segregative approaches to punishments? What are the differences between normalizing, correctional & segregative approaches to punishments?  How have some commentators viewed the rise of the modern penal scheme – positively or negatively?  How have some commentators viewed the rise of the modern penal scheme – positively or negatively?

4. Any ideas what this might be?

5.  Your task Visit the Online version of Booth’s Poverty Maps. Read about Booth’s intentions behind the map. Visit the Online version of Booth’s Poverty Maps. Read about Booth’s intentions behind the map.Online version of Booth’s Poverty MapsOnline version of Booth’s Poverty Maps Visit the following places, and what do you notice about the distribution of different classes: Visit the following places, and what do you notice about the distribution of different classes: Railways Railways Landmarks Landmarks Prisons Prisons Parks Parks  Why do you think there was so much interest in Booth’s work?  Why do you think there was so much interest in Booth’s work?

6. The poet and playwright, Oscar Wilde caused a public sensation when he was arrested at the height of his fame on a charge of gross indecency. He was sentenced in 1897 to two years’ penal servitude – an extremely harsh sentence even for the times. The trial and public reactions, as well as Wilde’s own writing about the event reveal much about attitudes towards the penal system. Read an extract from Ellmann’s biography and ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’. What do they reveal about public attitudes at the time?The Ballad of Reading Gaol

7. Study the cards you are given. Sort them chronologically & thematically

8.  Homework Read Briggs, ‘Crime & Punishment in England’, Ch 15, ‘Ordering Punishment’, p.227-244 and take notes on the categories on the sheet provided. Read Briggs, ‘Crime & Punishment in England’, Ch 15, ‘Ordering Punishment’, p.227-244 and take notes on the categories on the sheet provided.

9.  Extension Watch the film ‘Wilde’ or read Richard Ellmann’s biography and produce a factoid on the trial, imprisonment and public reactions

10.  Essay “How important were individuals in changing attitudes towards prisons and punishments between 1830 and 1965?” “How important were individuals in changing attitudes towards prisons and punishments between 1830 and 1965?” Factors: Factors: Individuals Individuals Government Government Social-economic factors Social-economic factors Public attitudes Public attitudes Media Media Draw a spider diagram and note sources of evidence you could use for your enquiry Draw a spider diagram and note sources of evidence you could use for your enquiry

11. How did attitudes to prisons change over time? TBAT chart reforms to prisons from the late C19th to 1965 To identify and evaluate the factors that led to changes  Learning objectives  Key words: borstal probation Plenary